Sunan Abi Dawud 3000
How Were The Jews Expelled From al-Madinah ?
Show the chain
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ فَارِسٍ أَنَّ الْحَكَمَ بْنَ نَافِعٍ حَدَّثَهُمْ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ
وَكَانَ أَحَدَ الثَّلاَثَةِ الَّذِينَ تِيبَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَكَانَ كَعْبُ بْنُ الأَشْرَفِ يَهْجُو النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَيُحَرِّضُ عَلَيْهِ كُفَّارَ قُرَيْشٍ وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ حِينَ قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَأَهْلُهَا أَخْلاَطٌ مِنْهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ يَعْبُدُونَ الأَوْثَانَ وَالْيَهُودُ وَكَانُوا يُؤْذُونَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابَهُ فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ ﷻ نَبِيَّهُ بِالصَّبْرِ وَالْعَفْوِ فَفِيهِمْ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ { وَلَتَسْمَعُنَّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ } الآيَةَ فَلَمَّا أَبَى كَعْبُ بْنُ الأَشْرَفِ أَنْ يَنْزِعَ عَنْ أَذَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ سَعْدَ بْنَ مُعَاذٍ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ رَهْطًا يَقْتُلُونَهُ فَبَعَثَ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ مَسْلَمَةَ وَذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ قَتْلِهِ فَلَمَّا قَتَلُوهُ فَزِعَتِ الْيَهُودُ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ فَغَدَوْا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالُوا طُرِقَ صَاحِبُنَا فَقُتِلَ فَذَكَرَ لَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الَّذِي كَانَ يَقُولُ وَدَعَاهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَى أَنْ يَكْتُبَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمْ كِتَابًا يَنْتَهُونَ إِلَى مَا فِيهِ فَكَتَبَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَامَّةً صَحِيفَةً
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá b. Fāris
- al-Ḥakam b. Nāfiʿ
- Shuʿayb
- al-Zuhrī
- ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. ʿAbdullāh b. Kaʿb b. Mālik
- his father
Ka’ab bin Malik who was one of those whose repentance was accepted said “Ka’ab bin Al Ashraf used to satire the Prophet ﷺ and incited the infidels of the Quraish against him. When the Prophet ﷺ came to Madeena, its people were intermixed, some of them were Muslims and others polytheists aho worshipped idols and some were Jews. They used to hurt the Prophet ﷺ and his Companions. Then Allaah Most High commanded His Prophet to show patience and forgiveness. So Allaah revealed about them “And ye shall certainly hear much that will grieve you from those who receive Book before you”. When Ka’ab bin Al Ashraf refused to desist from hurting the Prophet ﷺ the Prophet ﷺ ordered Sa’d bin Mu’adh to send a band to kill him. He sent Muhammad bin Maslamah and mentioned the story of his murder. When they killed him, the Jews and the polytheist were frightened. Next day they came to the Prophet ﷺ and said “Our Companions were attacked and night and killed.” The Prophet ﷺ informed them about that which he would say. The Prophet ﷺ then called them so that he could write a deed of agreement between him and them and they should fulfill its provisions and desist from hurting him. He then wrote a deed of agreement between him and them and the Muslims in general.”
Grades by grader
| al-Albani | Sound Chainin صحيح أبي داود, p. 3000 | fawazahmed0, hadithunlocked, sunnah.com |
|---|---|---|
| Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamid | Sahih Isnaad | fawazahmed0 |
| Zubair Ali Zai | Daif | fawazahmed0 |
What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- ʿAbd al-ʿAẓīm al-Mudhirī
قولعبد الرحمن عن أبيه فيه نظر فإن أباه عبد الله بن كعب ليست له صحبة ولا هو أحد الثلاثة الذين تيب عليهم ويكون الحديث على هذا مرسلا ويحتمل أن يكون أراد بأبيه جده وهو كعب بن مالك وقد سمع عبد الرحمن من جده كعب بن مالك فيكون الحديث على هذا مسندا
machine translationThe statement of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, "from his father," is open to question, for his father, ʿAbdullāh b. Kaʿb, had no Companionship, nor was he one of the three whose repentance was accepted. On this basis the hadith would be mursal (with the Companion omitted from the chain). It is also possible that by "his father" he meant his grandfather, who is Kaʿb b. Mālik, and ʿAbd al-Raḥmān did hear from his grandfather Kaʿb b. Mālik; on this basis the hadith would be musnad (connected).
in سنن أبي داود, p. 2995 - Shuayb al-Arnaut
رجاله ثقات واختلف في وصله وإرساله
machine translationIts narrators are trustworthy (thiqāt), and there is disagreement about whether it is connected (waṣl) or mursal (irsāl).
in تخريج سنن أبي داود, p. 3000
Other narrations of this report
Musnad Ahmad 24349al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (al-Tabarani) 17235al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (al-Tabarani) 17236Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq 9482al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 18699al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 18701
Narrators
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 97 AH, or 98 AH; also said 89 AHعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍثقةعن
- trustworthy (thiqah), a scholard. in the reign of Sulaymān, or: Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Malikعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍثقة عالمعن
- The jurist and memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), whose eminence, precision and reliability are agreed upond. Ḍamrah b. Rabīʿah and others said: 123 AH. The nephew of al-Zuhrī and others said: 124 AH. Ibn Yūnus and others said: 125 AHالزُّهْرِيِّالفقيه الحافظ ، متفق على جلالته وإتقانه وثبتهعن
- trustworthy (thiqah), devout (ʿābid)d. 162 AH, or 163 AHشُعَيْبٌثقة عابدأنا
- trustworthy, precise (thiqah thabt)d. 221 AH, or 222 AHالْحَكَمَ بْنَ نَافِعٍثقة ثبتحدثهم
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), eminentd. Ibn Qāniʿ said: 252 AH, also said: 256 AH, ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. Ziyād al-Naysābūrī said: 257 AH, al-Khaṭīb said: all these views are mistaken, Abū Ḥāmid b. al-Sharqī and others said: 258 AH, and this is correctمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ فَارِسٍثقة حافظ جليلحدثنا
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), the compiler of the Sunan and other works, one of the senior scholars.d. 275 AHأَبُو دَاوُدَ السِّجِسْتَانِيُّثقة ، حافظ , مصنف السنن وغيرها ، من كبار العلماء
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.
Commentaries
ʿAwn al-Maʿbūd (Ashraf)
Read them on Hadith Unlocked