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العربية

Sunan Abi Dawud 2717

Regarding The Salab (Spoils) Being Given To The Person Who Killed

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حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ الْقَعْنَبِيُّ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ كَثِيرِ بْنِ أَفْلَحَ عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ قَالَ

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي عَامِ حُنَيْنٍ فَلَمَّا الْتَقَيْنَا كَانَتْ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ جَوْلَةٌ قَالَ فَرَأَيْتُ رَجُلاً مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَدْ عَلاَ رَجُلاً مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَالَ فَاسْتَدَرْتُ لَهُ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ فَضَرَبْتُهُ بِالسَّيْفِ عَلَى حَبْلِ عَاتِقِهِ فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَىَّ فَضَمَّنِي ضَمَّةً وَجَدْتُ مِنْهَا رِيحَ الْمَوْتِ ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَهُ الْمَوْتُ فَأَرْسَلَنِي فَلَحِقْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فَقُلْتُ مَا بَالُ النَّاسِ قَالَ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ رَجَعُوا وَجَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَقَالَ مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلاً لَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ قَالَ فَقُمْتُ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ ثُمَّ قَالَ ذَلِكَ الثَّانِيَةَ مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلاً لَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ قَالَ فَقُمْتُ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ ثُمَّ قَالَ ذَلِكَ الثَّالِثَةَ فَقُمْتُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا لَكَ يَا أَبَا قَتَادَةَ قَالَ فَاقْتَصَصْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ صَدَقَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَسَلَبُ ذَلِكَ الْقَتِيلِ عِنْدِي فَأَرْضِهِ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ لاَهَا اللَّهِ إِذًا يَعْمِدُ إِلَى أَسَدٍ مِنْ أُسْدِ اللَّهِ يُقَاتِلُ عَنِ اللَّهِ وَعَنْ رَسُولِهِ فَيُعْطِيكَ سَلَبَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَدَقَ فَأَعْطِهِ إِيَّاهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ فَأَعْطَانِيهِ فَبِعْتُ الدِّرْعَ فَابْتَعْتُ بِهِ مَخْرَفًا فِي بَنِي سَلِمَةَ فَإِنَّهُ لأَوَّلُ مَالٍ تَأَثَّلْتُهُ فِي الإِسْلاَمِ

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. ʿAbdullāh b. Maslamah al-Qaʿnabī
  2. Mālik
  3. Yaḥyá b. Saʿīd
  4. ʿUmar b. Kathīr b. Aflaḥ
  5. Abū Muḥammad a freed slave of Abū Qatādah
  6. Abū Qatādah

Abu Qatadah said “We went out with the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ in the year of Hunain. And when the armies met, the Muslims suffered a reverse. I saw one of the polytheists prevailing over a Muslim, so I went round him till I came to him from behind and struck him with my sword at the vein between his neck and shoulder. He came towards me and closed with me, so that I felt death was near, but he was overtaken by death and let me go. I then caught upon on “Umar bin Al Khattab and said to him “What is the matter with the people?” He said “It is what Allaah has commanded. Then the people returned and the Apostle of Allaah ﷺsat down and said “If anyone kills a man and can prove it, he will get his spoil. I stood up and said “Who will testify for me? I then sat down.” He said again “If anyone kills a man and can prove it, he will get his spoil. I stood up and said “Who will testify for me? I then sat down.” He then said the same for the third time. I then stood up. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ said “What is the matter with you, Abu Qatadah? I told him the story. A man from the people said “He has spoken the truth, and I have this spoil with me, so make him agreeable (to take something in exchange). Abu Bakr said “In that case I swear by Allaah that he must not do so. One of the Allaah’s heroes does not fight for Allaah and his Apostle and then give you his spoil. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ said “He has spoken the truth, hand it over to him. Abu Qatadah said “he handed it over to me, I sold the coat of mail and brought a garden among Banu Salamh. This was the first property I acquired in the Islamic period.

Notes

  • فَقَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ فَأَعْطَانِيهِ فَبِعْتُ الدِّرْعَ فَابْتَعْتُ بِهِ مَخْرَفًا فِي بَنِي سَلِمَةَ فَإِنَّهُ لأَوَّلُ مَالٍ تَأَثَّلْتُهُ فِي الإِسْلاَمِ

Grades by grader

al-AlbaniSoundin صحيح سنن أبي داود, p. 2717fawazahmed0, hadithunlocked, sunnah.com
Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-HamidSahihfawazahmed0
Zubair Ali ZaiSahih Bukhari (2100) Sahih Muslim (1751)fawazahmed0

What scholars said about it

In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.

  • Dāraquṭnī

    يرويه يحيى بن سعيد الأنصاري عن عمر بن كثير بن أفلح عن أبي محمد عن أبي قتادة حدث به مالك بن أنس وزهير وهشيم بن بشير والليث بن سعد عن يحيى ورواه محمد بن إسحاق عن يحيى بن سعيد وعبد الله بن أبي بكر بن حزم عن نافع الأقرع أبي محمد مولى لآل غفار عن أبي قتادة ولم يذكر بينهما عمر بن كثير بن أفلح والقول قول مالك ومن تابعه

    machine translationYaḥyā b. Saʿīd al-Anṣārī narrates it from ʿUmar b. Kathīr b. Aflaḥ, from Abū Muḥammad, from Abū Qatādah. Mālik b. Anas, Zuhayr, Hushaym b. Bashīr and al-Layth b. Saʿd narrated it from Yaḥyā. Muḥammad b. Isḥāq narrated it from Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd and ʿAbdullāh b. Abī Bakr b. Ḥazm, from Nāfiʿ al-Aqraʿ Abū Muḥammad, a freed slave of the family of Ghifār, from Abū Qatādah, and he did not mention ʿUmar b. Kathīr b. Aflaḥ between them. The correct view is the view of Mālik and those who followed him.

    in سنن أبي داود, p. 2713

Other narrations of this report

Sahih al-Bukhari 3142Sunan Abi Dawud 2718Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 33768Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 34443Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 38144al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 12886

Narrators

  1. Abū Qatādah al-Anṣārī fāris Rasūl Allāh
    He took part in Uḥud and the battles after itd. al-Ḥasan b. ʿUthmān said: 40 AH, al-Wāqidī said: 54 AH, the people of Kufa reported that he died: 38 AH, al-Bukhārī mentioned him in al-Awsaṭ, among those who died between 50 AH and 60 AH
    أَبُو قَتَادَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَارِسُ رَسُولِ اللهِشهد أحدا وما بعدها
    عن
  2. Abū Muḥammad mawlá Abī Qatādah
    trustworthy (thiqah)d. between 91 and 100 AH
    أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي قَتَادَةَثقة
    عن
  3. ʿUmar b. Kathīr b. Aflaḥ
    trustworthy (thiqah)d. between 101 and 110 AH
    عُمَرَ بْنِ كَثِيرِ بْنِ أَفْلَحَثقة
    عن
  4. Yaḥyá b. Saʿīd al-Anṣārī
    trustworthy, precise (thiqah thabt)d. 143 AH or 144 AH, also said 146 AH
    يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍثقة ثبت
    عن
  5. Mālik b. Anas
    The jurist (al-faqīh), the Imam of the Abode of Migration (Imām Dār al-Hijrah), the head of the proficient masters, and the foremost among the meticulous.d. 178 AH, or 179 AH
    مَالِكٍالفقيه ، إمام دار الهجرة ، رأس المتقنين ، وكبير المتثبتين
    عن
  6. al-Qaʿnabī
    trustworthy (thiqah), devout (ʿābid)d. 220 AH, or 221 AH
    عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ الْقَعْنَبِيُّثقة عابد
    حدثنا
  7. Abū Dāwūd al-Sijistānī
    Trustworthy (thiqah), a memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), the compiler of the Sunan and other works, one of the senior scholars.d. 275 AH
    أَبُو دَاوُدَ السِّجِسْتَانِيُّثقة ، حافظ , مصنف السنن وغيرها ، من كبار العلماء

Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com

Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.

Commentaries

الاعتبار في الناسخ والمنسوخ
ʿAwn al-Maʿbūd (Ashraf)

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