Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq 9872
✧ The Expedition of Dhat al-Salasil and the account of Ali and Mu'awiyah
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عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ:
ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْدَمَا هَاجَرَ وَجَاءَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا بِأَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ، بَعَثَ بَعْثَيْنِ قِبَلَ الشَّامِ إِلَى كَلْبٍ، وَبَلْقَيْنَ، وَغَسَّانَ، وَكُفَّارِ الْعَرَبِ الَّذِينَ فِي مَشَارِفِ الشَّامِ، فَأَمَّرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى أَحَدِ الْبَعْثَيْنِ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ - وَهُوَ أَحَدُ بَنِي فِهْرٍ - وَأَمَّرَ عَلَى الْبَعْثِ الْآخَرِ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ، فَانْتُدِبَ فِي بَعَثِ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ عِنْدَ خُرُوجِ الْبَعْثَيْنِ دَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ وَعَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا: " لَا تَعَاصَيَا " فَلَمَّا فَصَلَا عَنِ الْمَدِينَةِ جَاءَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ فَقَالَ لِعَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَهِدَ إِلَيْنَا أَنْ لَا نَتَعَاصَيَا، فَإِمَّا أَنْ تُطِيعَنِي وَإِمَّا أَنْ أُطِيعَكَ فَقَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ: بَلْ أَطِعْنِي، فَأَطَاعَهُ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ، فَكَانَ عَمْرٌو أَمِيرَ الْبَعْثَيْنِ كِلَيْهِمَا، فَوَجَدَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ وَجْدًا شَدِيدًا، فَكَلَّمَ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ فَقَالَ: أَتُطِيعُ ابْنَ النَّابِغَةِ، وَتُؤَمِّرُهُ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ وَعَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعَلَيْنَا ؟ مَا هَذَا الرَّأْيُ ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ: ابْنَ أُمِّ، إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ وَإِلَيْهِ أَنْ لَا نَتَعَاصَيَا، فَخَشِيتُ إِنْ لَمْ أُطِعْهُ، أَنْ أَعْصِيَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ، وَشُكِيَ إِلَيْهِ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: " مَا أَنَا بِمُؤْثِرٍ بِهَا عَلَيْكُمْ إِلَّا بَعْدَكُمْ " - يُرِيدُ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ - وَكَانَتْ تِلْكَ الْغَزْوَةُ تُسَمَّى ذَاتَ السَّلَاسِلِ، أُسِرَ فِيهَا نَاسٌ كَثِيرَةٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ وَسُبُوا. ثُمَّ أَمَّرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ وَهُوَ غُلَامٌ شَابٌّ، فَانْتُدِبَ فِي بَعَثِهِ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ وَالزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ، فَتُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ، قَبْلَ أَنْ يَصِلَ ذَلِكَ الْبَعْثُ، فَأَنْفَذَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ
Translation
✧ After the Messenger of Allah ﷺ migrated and those who had been in the land of Abyssinia came, he sent two expeditions toward Syria against Kalb, Balqayn, Ghassan, and the disbelieving Arabs in the approaches of Syria. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ put Abu Ubaydah b. al-Jarrah—one of the Banu Fihr—in command of one expedition, and Amr b. al-As in command of the other. Abu Bakr and Umar volunteered in Abu Ubaydah's expedition. When the two expeditions were about to depart, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called Abu Ubaydah b. al-Jarrah and Amr b. al-As and said to them: Do not disobey each other. When they set out from Madinah, Abu Ubaydah came and said to Amr b. al-As: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us not to disobey each other, so either you obey me or I obey you. Amr b. al-As said: Rather obey me. So Abu Ubaydah obeyed him, and Amr became commander of both expeditions. Umar b. al-Khattab felt great distress over that and spoke to Abu Ubaydah, saying: Will you obey the son of al-Nabighah and put him in command over yourself, Abu Bakr, and us? What kind of judgment is this? Abu Ubaydah said to Umar b. al-Khattab: Son of my mother, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded me and him not to disobey each other, and I feared that if I did not obey him, I would disobey the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. That was complained of, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: I do not prefer anyone over you in that except after you—meaning the Muhajirun. That expedition was called Dhat al-Salasil, in which many Arabs were taken captive and enslaved. Then after that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ put Usamah b. Zayd, a young boy, in command, and Umar b. al-Khattab and al-Zubayr b. al-Awwam volunteered in his expedition. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ died before that expedition reached its destination, and Abu Bakr al-Siddiq sent it out after him.
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