Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq 6318
✧ Walking in front of the funeral
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عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ، عَنِ الْمُطَّرِحِ أَبِي الْمُهَلَّبِ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ زَحْرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ قَالَ:
جَاءَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيُّ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ وَهُوَ مُحْتَبٍ، فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ: أَبَا حَسَنٍ، أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْمَشْيِ أَمَامَ الْجِنَازَةَ إِذَا شَهِدْتُهَا أَيُّ ذَلِكَ أَفْضَلُ أَخَلْفَهَا أَمْ أَمَامَهَا ؟ قَالَ: فَقَطَّبَ عَلِيٌّ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: سُبْحَانَ اللهِ أَمِثْلُكَ يَسْأَلُ عَنْ هَذَا ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ: نَعَمْ، وَاللهِ لَمِثْلِي يَسْأَلُ عَنْ مِثْلِ هَذَا، فَمَنْ يَسْأَلُ عَنْ مِثْلِ هَذَا إِلَّا مِثْلِي ؟ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ: وَالَّذِي بَعَثَ مُحَمَّدًا بِالْحَقِّ إِنَّ فَضْلَ الْمَاشِي خَلْفَهَا عَلَى الْمَاشِي أَمَامَهَا كَفَضْلِ صَلَاةِ الْمَكْتُوبَةِ عَلَى التَّطَوُّعِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيُّ: يَا أَبَا حَسَنٍ، أَبِرَأْيِكَ تَقُولُ هَذَا أَمْ بِشَيْءٍ سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ؟ قَالَ: فَغَضِبَ ثُمَّ قَالَ: سُبْحَانَ اللهِ يَا أَبَا سَعِيدٍ أَمِثْلُ هَذَا أَقُولُهُ بِرَأْيِي، لَا وَاللهِ بَلْ سَمِعْتُهُ مِرَارًا يَقُولُهُ غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ وَلَا اثْنَتَيْنِ وَلَا ثَلَاثَةٍ حَتَّى عَدَّ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ، فَقَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ: فَوَاللهِ مَا جَلَسْتُ جَالِسًا مُنْذُ شَهِدْتُ جِنَازَةً إِلَّا لِرَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ، فَشَهِدَهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَجَمِيعُ الصَّحَابَةِ، فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ يَمْشِيَانِ أَمَامَهَا، قَالَ: فَضَحِكَ عَلِيٌّ وَقَالَ: أَنْتَ رَأَيْتَهُمَا يَفْعَلَانِ ذَلِكَ ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ: نَعَمْ، فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ: لَوْ حَدَّثَنِي بِهِنَّ غَيْرُكَ مَا صَدَّقْتُهُ، وَلَكِنِّي أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ الْكَذِبَ لَيْسَ مِنْ شَأْنِكَ، يَغْفِرُ اللهُ لَهُمَا، إِنَّ خَيْرَ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ وَعُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، ثُمَّ اللهُ أَعْلَمُ بِالْخَيْرِ أَيْنَ هُوَ، وَلَئِنْ كُنْتَ رَأَيْتَهُمَا يَفْعَلَانِ ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّهُمَا لَيَعْلَمَانِ أَنَّ فَضْلَ الْمَاشِي خَلْفَهَا عَلَى الْمَاشِي أَمَامَهَا كَفَضْلِ صَلَاةِ الْمَكْتُوبَةِ عَلَى صَلَاةِ التَّطَوُّعِ، كَمَا يَعْلَمَانِ أَنَّ دُونَ غَدٍ لَيْلَةً، وَلَقَدْ سَمِعَا ذَلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ كَمَا سَمِعْتُ، وَلَكِنَّهُمَا كَرِهَا أَنْ يَجْتَمِعَ النَّاسُ وَيَتَضَايَقُوا، فَأَحَبَّا أَنْ يَتَقَدَّمَا وَأَنْ يُسَهِّلَا، وَقَدْ عَلِمَا أَنَّهُ يُقْتَدَى بِهِمَا، فَمِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ تَقَدَّمَا، فَقَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ: يَا أَبَا حَسَنٍ، أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ شَهِدْتُ الْجِنَازَةَ أَحَمْلُهَا وَاجِبٌ عَلَى مَنْ شَهِدَهَا ؟ قَالَ: لَا، وَلَكِنَّهُ خَيْرٌ، فَمَنْ شَاءَ أَخَذَ وَمَنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَ، فَإِذَا أَنْتَ شَهِدْتَ الْجِنَازَةَ فَقَدِّمْهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ، وَاجْعَلْهَا نُصْبًا بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْكَ، فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ مَوْعِظَةٌ وَتَذْكِرَةٌ وَعِبْرَةٌ، فَإِنْ بَدَا لَكَ أَنْ تَحْمِلَهُ فَانْظُرْ إِلَى مُقَدَّمِ السَّرِيرِ، فَانْظُرْ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ فَاجْعَلْهُ عَلَى مَنْكِبِكَ الْأَيْمَنِ، فَإِذَا جِئْتَ الْمَقْبَرَةَ فَصَلَّيْتَ عَلَيْهَا فَلَا تَجْلِسْ، وَقُمْ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ، فَإِنَّكَ تَرَى أَمْرًا عَظِيمًا، فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: أَخُوكَ أَخُوكَ، كَانَ يُنَافِسُكَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَيُشَاحُّكَ فِيهَا، تَضَايَقُ بِهِ سُهُولَةُ الْأَرْضِ قُصُورًا، فَإِذَا هُوَ يَدْخُلُ فِي جَوْفِ قَبْرٍ مُنْحَرِفًا عَلَى جَنْبِهِ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَدَعُوكَ فَلَا تَدَعْ أَنْ تَقُومَ حَتَّى يُدَلَّى فِي حُفْرَتِهِ، وَإِنْ قَاتَلُوكَ قِتَالًا
Translation
✧ Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī came to ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib while he was sitting and had drawn up his knees. He greeted him, and he returned the greeting. He said: Abā al-Ḥasan, tell me about walking in front of a funeral when I attend it: which is better, behind it or in front of it? He said: ʿAlī frowned between his eyes, then said: Glory be to God! Would someone like you ask about this? Abū Saʿīd said: Yes, by God, someone like me would ask about something like this. Who would ask about something like this except someone like me? ʿAlī said: By the One who sent Muḥammad with the truth, the virtue of the one walking behind it over the one walking in front of it is like the virtue of the prescribed prayer over the voluntary prayer. Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī said to him: Abā al-Ḥasan, do you say this by your own opinion or by something you heard from the Messenger of God ﷺ? He said: He became angry and said: Glory be to God, Abā Saʿīd! Would I say something like this by my own opinion? No, by God, rather I heard him say it many times, not once, nor twice, nor three times, until he counted seven times. Abū Saʿīd said: By God, I have not sat in a sitting since I attended a funeral except for a man from the Anṣār, so Abū Bakr and ʿUmar and all the Companions attended it. I looked at Abū Bakr and ʿUmar walking in front of it. He said: ʿAlī laughed and said: Did you see them doing that? Abū Saʿīd said: Yes. ʿAlī said: If anyone other than you had told me this, I would not have believed him, but I know that lying is not your way. May God forgive them both. The best of this community is Abū Bakr b. Abī Quḥāfah and ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb, then God knows best where the good is. If you saw them doing that, they know that the virtue of the one walking behind it over the one walking in front of it is like the virtue of the prescribed prayer over the voluntary prayer, just as they know that before tomorrow there is a night. They heard that from the Messenger of God ﷺ as I heard it, but they disliked that people would crowd together and be constricted, so they preferred to go ahead and make it easy. They knew that they would be followed as examples, so for that reason they went ahead. Abū Saʿīd said: Abā al-Ḥasan, if I attend a funeral, is carrying it obligatory on whoever attends it? He said: No, but it is better. Whoever wishes may take it up and whoever wishes may leave it. When you attend a funeral, place it in front of you and make it a goal before your eyes, for it is only an admonition, a reminder, and a lesson. If it seems good to you to carry it, look at the front of the bier and look at its left side, and place it on your right shoulder. When you come to the cemetery and pray over it, do not sit down; stand at his grave, for you will see a great matter. I heard the Messenger of God ﷺ say: Your brother, your brother, he used to vie with you in this world and dispute with you over it. The plains of the earth became too narrow for him because of its shortness, and now he enters the hollow of a grave, turned on his side. If they do not stop you, do not fail to stand until he is lowered into his pit, even if they fight you fiercely.
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