Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq 5839
✧ The obligation of Zakat al-Fitr
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عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ:
كَانَتِ الْقَسَامَةُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فِي الدَّمِ وَفِي الرَّجُلِ يُولَدُ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ فَيَدَّعِيهِ رَجُلٌ آخَرُ، فَيُقْسِمُونَ عَلَيْهِ، خَمْسُونَ يَمِينًا كَقَسَامَةِ الدَّمِ فَيَذْهَبُونَ بِهِ، فَلَمَّا أَنْ حَجَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ، قَالَ لَهُ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ: إِنَّ فُلَانًا ابْنِي وَنَحْنُ مُقْسِمُونَ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: " لَا، الْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاشِ وَلِلْعَاهِرِ الْحَجَرُ ثُمَّ بَعَثَ صَارِخًا يَصْرُخُ فِي أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ: أَلَا إِنَّ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ حَقٌّ وَاجِبٌ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ، مِنْ ذَكَرٍ وَأُنْثَى، حُرٍّ أَوْ عَبْدٍ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ، حَاضِرٍ أَوْ بَادٍ، مُدَّانِ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ، أَوْ صَاعٌ مِمَّا سِوَى ذَلِكَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ، أَلَا وَإِنَّ الْوَلَدَ لِلْفِرَاشِ وَلِلْعَاهِرِ الْأَثْلَبُ - يَعْنِي الْحَجَرَ -، فَأَقَرَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ قَسَامَةَ الدَّمِ كَمَا كَانَتْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ
Translation
✧ The qasāmah existed in the pre-Islamic era regarding blood and regarding a man born on his bed whom another man claimed; they would swear fifty oaths concerning him, like the qasāmah of blood, and take him away. When the Prophet ﷺ performed the pilgrimage, al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib said to him: “So-and-so is my son, and we swear concerning him.” The Prophet ﷺ said: “No, the child belongs to the bed, and the fornicator gets the stone.” Then he sent a crier to proclaim among the people of Makkah: “Indeed, zakāt al-fiṭr is a due obligation upon every Muslim — male and female, free or slave, young or old, present or desert-dwelling: two mudds of wheat, or a ṣāʿ of other food besides that. Indeed, the child belongs to the bed, and the fornicator gets the athlab — meaning the stone.” Thus the Prophet ﷺ confirmed the qasāmah of blood as it had been in the pre-Islamic era.
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