Shu'ab al-Iman (al-Bayhaqi) 81
✧ The faith of one who follows others without independent inquiry, and of one who doubts
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ، أَخْبَرَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، حدثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، حدثنا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، حدثنا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ، حدثنا أَبِي، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، حَدَّثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ، وَعَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، وَعَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، ؓ، وَصُلْبُ الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ، زَوْجِ
النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَتْ: " إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَمَّا فُتِنَ أَصْحَابُهُ بِمَكَّةَ أَشَارَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَلْحَقُوا بِأَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ - فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ، فَكَلَّمَهُ جَعْفَرٌ يَعْنِي النَّجَاشِيَّ قَالَ: كُنَّا عَلَى دِينِهِمْ - يَعْنِي دِينَ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ - حَتَّى بَعَثَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِينَا رَسُولًا نَعْرِفُ نَسَبَهُ وَصِدْقَهُ وَعَفَافَهُ، فَدَعَانَا إِلَى أَنْ نَعْبُدَ اللهَ وَحْدَهُ، لَا نُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا، وَنَخْلَعَ مَا يَعْبُدُ قَوْمُنَا، وَغَيْرُهُمْ مِنْ دُونِهِ، وَأَمَرَنَا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ، وَنَهَانَا عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَأَمَرَنَا بِالصَّلَاةِ، وَالصِّيَامِ، وَالصَّدَقَةِ، وَصِلَةِ الرَّحِمِ، وَكُلِّ مَا يُعْرَفُ مِنَ الْأَخْلَاقِ الْحَسَنَةِ وَتَلَا عَلَيْنَا تَنْزِيلًا جَاءَهُ مِنَ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَا يُشْبِهُهُ شَيْءٌ غَيْرُهُ فَصَدَّقْنَاهُ وَآمَنَّا بِهِ، وَعَرَفْنَا أَنَّ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ هُوَ الْحَقُّ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَالَ: فَفَارَقْنَا عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ قَوْمَنَا وَآذَوْنَا، وَفَتَنُونَا فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ مِنَّا مَا يَكْرَهُ وَلَمْ نَقْدِرْ عَلَى الِامْتِنَاعِ أَمَرَنَا نَبِيُّنَا ﷺ بِالْخُرُوجِ إِلَى بِلَادِكَ اخْتِيَارًا لَكَ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاكَ لِتَمْنَعَنَا مِنْهُمْ، فَقَالَ النَّجَاشِيُّ: هَلْ مَعَكُمْ مِمَّا أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ تَقْرَؤُونَهُ عَلَيَّ؟ قَالَ جَعْفَرٌ: نَعَمْ فَقَرَأَ كهيعص، فَلَمَّا قَرَأَهَا بَكَى النَّجَاشِيُّ حَتَّى أَخْضَلَ لِحْيَتَهُ وَبَكَتْ أَسَاقِفَتُهُ حَتَّى أَخْضَلُوا مَصَاحِفَهُمْ، وَقَالَ النَّجَاشِيُّ: إِنَّ هَذَا الْكَلَامَ وَالْكَلَامَ الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهِ عِيسَى لَيَخْرُجَانِ مِنْ مِشْكَاةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ "
Translation
Chain of narrators
machine translationAbū al-Ḥusayn ʿAlī b. Muḥammad al-Muqriʾ informed us, al-Ḥasan b. Muḥammad b. Isḥāq informed us, Yūsuf b. Yaʿqūb narrated to us, Naṣr b. ʿAlī narrated to us, Wahb b. Jarīr narrated to us, my father narrated to us, from Muḥammad b. Isḥāq, al-Zuhrī narrated to me, from Abū Bakr b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. al-Ḥārith b. Hishām, and from ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUtbah b. Masʿūd, and from ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr, may Allah be pleased with them. The body of the hadith is from Abū Bakr b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, from Umm Salamah, wife of
Machine translation, not reviewed
the Prophet ﷺ. She said: "When the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ were being persecuted in Mecca, he advised them to join the land of Abyssinia" - then he mentioned the hadith at length, until he said: Jaʿfar spoke to him, meaning al-Najāshī (the Negus), saying: "We were following their religion - meaning the religion of the people of Mecca - until Allah, Mighty and Majestic, sent among us a Messenger whose lineage, truthfulness and chastity we knew. He called us to worship Allah alone, to associate nothing with Him, and to cast off what our people and others worship besides Him. He commanded us to do good and forbade us from evil. He commanded us to pray, to fast, to give charity, to maintain family ties, and to practise every well-known good character. He recited to us a revelation that came to him from Allah, Mighty and Majestic, which nothing else resembles. So we believed him and had faith in him, and we knew that what he brought is the truth from Allah, Mighty and Majestic. Thereupon we parted from our people, and they harmed us and persecuted us. When what he dislikes reached us and we were unable to defend ourselves, our Prophet ﷺ commanded us to go out to your land, choosing you over others, so that you would protect us from them." The Negus said: "Do you have anything of what was revealed to him that you can recite to me?" Jaʿfar said: "Yes." So he recited {كهيعص}. When he recited it, the Negus wept until his beard was wet, and his bishops wept until their scrolls were wet. The Negus said: "This speech and the speech that ʿĪsā brought come out of one niche."
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