Shu'ab al-Iman (al-Bayhaqi) 1402
✧ The Prophet's renunciation and his patience with worldly hardships ﷺ
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ، حدثَنَا الْإِمَامُ أَبُو سَهْلٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ إِمْلَاءً، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ السِّرَاجُ، حدثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ أَبُو رَجَاءٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ، حدثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الضُّبَعِيُّ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ،
" أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ لَا يَدَّخِرُ شَيْئًا لِغَدٍ " قَالَ أَبُو نَصْرٍ: قَالَ الْإِمَامُ أَبُو سَهْلٍ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: فَإِنْ قَالَ قَائِلٌ: " كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَرْجِعُ إِلَى ملبس وَمَفْرَشٍ، وَكَانَ يُعِدُّ لِلْجُمَعِ مَا يُعِدُّهُ، وَكَانَ لَهُ الدِّرْعُ وَالسَّيْفُ وَالْقَوْسُ وَالْفَرَسُ وَالْبَغْلُ وَالْحِمَارُ، وَكَانَ يُنْبَذُ لَهُ بِالْعَشِيِّ فَيَشْرَبُهُ بِالْغَدَاةِ، وَكَانَ يُنْبَذُ لَهُ بِالْغَدَاةِ فَيَشْرَبُهُ بِالْعَشِيِّ، وَكَانَ يَحْبِسُ لِنِسَائِهِ قُوتَ سَنَةٍ مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَيْهِ وَكُلُّ هَذَا ادِّخَارٌ فَكَيْفَ يَسْلَمُ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْأَخْبَارِ هَذَا الْخَبَرُ الْمَأْثُورُ؟ " قَالَ الْأُسْتَاذُ أَبُو سَهْلٍ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " الرِّوَايَةُ صَحِيحَةٌ وَعَلَى حُكْمِ الدِّرَايَةِ مُسْتَقِيمَةٌ، وَالتَّنَافِي عَنْ هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةِ مُنْصَرِفٌ، وَوَجْهُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُعَامِلُ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ مَوْلَاهُ عَلَى حُسْنِ الظَّنِّ، وَالِانْتِظَارِ دُونَ الْحَبْسِ وَالِادِّخَارِ وَكَانَ لَا يَحْتَجِزُ لِنَفْسِهِ لِيَوْمِهِ مِنْ أَمْسِهِ، فَأَمَّا ثِيَابُهُ فَإِنَّمَا يُعِدُّهَا لِدِينِهِ لَا عَلَى إِبْقَاءٍ عَلَيْهَا لِغَدِهِ وَهَكَذَا آلَاتُ الْحَرْبِ كَانَ يَحْبِسُهَا لِنَصْرِ الْأَوْلِيَاءِ وَكَتَبَ الْأَعْدَاءِ عَلَى حُكْمِ الِاسْتِعْمَالِ مِمَّا تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فِي حَيَاتِهِ، وَلِهَذَا قَالَ: إِنَّا لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَاهُ صَدَقَةٌ، وَأَمَّا مَا كَانَ يُنْبَذُ لَهُ فَإِنَّمَا نِسَاؤُهُ كُنَّ يَنْبِذْنَ لَهُ مَا صَارَ فِي مِلْكِهِنَّ وَيَدِهِنَّ تَمْلِيكًا وَتَحوِيلًا مِنْهُ لَهُنَّ وقد صح أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَدَّخِرْ شَيْئًا لغد فإن احْتُبِسَ عِنْدَهُ شَيْءٌ فلَا عَلَى نِيَّةِ الْغَدِ وَقِيلَ: لَا يَدَّخِرُ مِلْكًا بَلْ يَدَّخِرُ تَمَليكًا، وَقِيلَ: لَمْ يَكُنْ يَدَّخِرُهُ عَلَى أَمَلِ الْبَقَاءِ إِلَى غَدٍ "
Translation
Chain of narrators
machine translationAbū Naṣr b. Qatādah informed us, the Imam Abū Sahl Muḥammad b. Sulaymān narrated to us by dictation, Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Isḥāq al-Sarrāj narrated to me, Qutaybah b. Saʿīd Abū Rajāʾ al-Thaqafī narrated to us, Jaʿfar b. Sulaymān al-Ḍubaʿī narrated to us, from Thābit, from Anas b. Mālik,
Machine translation, not reviewed
"The Messenger of God ﷺ would not store anything for the morrow." Abū Naṣr said: The Imam Abū Sahl, may God have mercy on him, said: If someone says: "The Prophet ﷺ would return to clothing and bedding, and he would prepare for the Friday gatherings what he prepared, and he had a coat of mail, a sword, a bow, a horse, a mule and a donkey; and a nabīdh would be prepared for him in the evening and he would drink it in the morning, and it would be prepared for him in the morning and he would drink it in the evening; and he would set aside for his wives a year's provision from what God Almighty had granted him as fayʾ, and all of this is storing. So how can this reported narration remain sound alongside these reports?" The teacher Abū Sahl, may God have mercy on him, said: "The narration is sound and, by the standard of understanding, upright, and the contradiction is to be dismissed from it. The explanation is that he dealt with his Lord with good expectation and waiting, not with withholding and storing, and he did not hold back for himself for his day from the day before. As for his garments, he prepared them for his religion, not to keep them for the morrow. Likewise the implements of war: he kept them to support the allies and to suppress the enemies, for use, and what he gave in charity during his life. For this reason he said: We are not inherited from; what we leave is charity. As for what was prepared as nabīdh for him, it was his wives who prepared for him what had come into their ownership and hands, as a transfer of ownership from him to them. And it is authentic that he would not store anything for the morrow; if something was kept with him, it was not with the intention of the morrow. It is also said: he would not store ownership but would store giving in ownership. And it is said: he would not store it in hope of its lasting until the morrow."
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