Dalil
العربية

al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 5264

✧ The Battle of the Camel

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وَقَالَ إِسْحَاقُ: أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ حُصَيْنًا، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ جَأْوَانَ، عَنِ الْأَحْنَفِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ قَالَ:

خَرَجْنَا حُجَّاجًا، فَقَدِمْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ، فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ فِي مَنَازِلِنَا، نَضَعُ رِحَالَنَا، إِذْ أَتَانَا آتٍ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ فَزِعُوا وَقَدِ اجْتَمَعُوا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، فَانْطَلَقْنَا إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ - فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي مُنَاشَدَةِ عُثْمَانَ ؓ الصَّحَابَةَ وَإِقْرَارِهِمْ ؓ بِمَنَاقِبِهِ - قَالَ الْأَحْنَفُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ: وَلَقِيتُ طَلْحَةَ وَالزُّبَيْرَ ؓ، فَقُلْتُ: لَا أَرَى هَذَا إِلَّا مَقْتُولًا، فَمَنْ تَأْمُرَانِي أَنْ أُبَايِعَ ؟ قَالَا: عَلِيًّا ؓ، فَقُلْتُ: أَتَأْمُرَانِي بِذَلِكَ وَتَرْضَيَانِهِ لِي ؟ فَقَالَا: نَعَمْ، فَخَرَجْتُ حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ مَكَّةَ، فَأَنَا لَكَذَلِكَ إِذْ قِيلَ: قُتِلَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ؓ، وَبِهَا عَائِشَةُ أُمُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ؓ، فَأَتَيْتُهَا، فَقُلْتُ لَهَا: أَنْشُدُكِ اللهَ مَنْ تَأْمُرِينِي أَنْ أُبَايِعَ ؟ قَالَتْ ؓ: عَلِيًّا، فَقُلْتُ: أَتَأْمُرِينِي بِذَلِكَ وَتَرْضَيْنَهُ لِي ؟ قَالَتْ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: فَرَجَعْتُ، فَقَدِمْتُ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ؓ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَبَايَعْتُهُ، ثُمَّ رَجَعْتُ إِلَى أَهْلِي بِالْبَصْرَةِ، وَلَا أَرَى إِلَّا أَنَّ الْأَمْرَ قَدِ اسْتَقَامَ، فَبَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ أَتَانَا آتٍ، فَقَالَ: هَذِهِ عَائِشَةُ أُمُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَطَلْحَةُ، وَالزُّبَيْرُ ؓ قَدْ نَزَلُوا جَانِبَ الْخُرَيْبَةِ، فَقُلْتُ: فَمَا جَاءَ بِهِمْ ؟ قَالُوا: أَرْسَلُوا إِلَيْكَ يَسْتَنْصِرُونَ عَلَى دَمِ عُثْمَانَ ؓ قُتِلَ مَظْلُومًا، فَأَتَانِي أَفْظَعُ أَمْرٍ أَتَانِي قَطُّ، فَقُلْتُ: إِنَّ خِذْلَانِي قَوْمًا مَعَهُمْ أُمُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَحَوَارِيُّ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ لَشَدِيدٌ، وَإِنَّ قِتَالِي رَجُلًا ابْنَ عَمِّ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرُونِي بِبَيْعَتِهِ لَشَدِيدٌ، فَلَمَّا أَتَيْتُهُمْ، قُلْتُ لَهُمْ: مَا جَاءَ بِكُمْ ؟ فَقَالُوا: جِئْنَا نَسْتَنْصِرُ عَلَى دَمِ عُثْمَانَ ؓ، قُتِلَ مَظْلُومًا، فَقُلْتُ: يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، أَنْشُدُكِ اللهَ ! أَقُلْتُ لَكِ: بِمَنْ تَأْمُرِينِي ؟ فَقُلْتِ: عَلِيًّا، فَقُلْتُ: أَتَأْمُرِينِي بِهِ وَتَرْضَيْنَهُ لِي ؟ فَقُلْتِ: نَعَمْ ؟ فَقَالَتْ: نَعَمْ، فَقُلْتُ لِلزُّبَيْرِ ؓ: يَا حَوَارِيَّ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ، وَيَا طَلْحَةُ، أَنْشُدُكُمَا بِاللهِ أَقُلْتُ لَكُمَا: مَنْ تَأْمُرَانِي أَنْ أُبَايِعَ ؟ فَقُلْتُمَا: لِعَلِيٍّ، فَقُلْتُ: أَتَأْمُرَانِي بِهِ وَتَرْضَيَانِهِ لِي ؟ فَقُلْتُمَا: نَعَمْ ؟ فَقَالَا: نَعَمْ، فَقُلْتُ: وَاللهِ لَا أُقَاتِلُكُمْ وَمَعَكُمْ أُمُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَحَوَارِيُّ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ، وَاللهِ لَا أُقَاتِلُ ابْنَ عَمِّ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ رَجُلًا أَمَرْتُمُونِي بِبَيْعَتِهِ، اخْتَارُوا مِنِّي إِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ: إِمَّا أَنْ تَفْتَحُوا لِي بَابَ الْجِسْرِ، فَأَلْحَقَ بِأَرْضِ كَذَا وَكَذَا، ( يَعْنِي بِأَرْضِ الْعَجَمِ ) حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ اللهُ فِي أَمْرِهِ مَا قَضَى، أَوْ أَلْحَقَ بِمَكَّةَ، أَوْ أَعْتَزِلَ فَأَكُونَ قَرِيبًا مِنْكُمْ، لَا مَعَكُمْ وَلَا عَلَيْكُمْ، فَقَالُوا: نَأْتَمِرُ، ثُمَّ نُرْسِلُ إِلَيْكَ، قَالَ: فَأْتَمَرُوا، فَقَالُوا: أَمَّا أَنْ يُفْتَحَ لَهُ بَابُ الْجِسْرِ فَيَلْحَقَ بِأَرْضِ الْأَعَاجِمِ، فَإِنَّهُ يَأْتِيهِ الْمُفَارِقُ وَالْخَاذِلُ، وَأَمَّا أَنْ يَلْحَقَ بِمَكَّةَ، لَيَتَعَجَّبَنَّكُمْ فِي قُرَيْشٍ، وَيُخْبِرُهُمْ بِأَخْبَارِكُمْ، لَيْسَ ذَلِكَ لَكُمْ بِأَمْرٍ، وَلَكِنِ اجْعَلُوهُ قَرِيبًا هَا هُنَا، حَيْثُ تَطَؤُونَ عَلَى صِمَاخِهِ، فَاعْتَزَلَ بِالْجَلْحَاءِ مِنَ الْبَصْرَةِ عَلَى فَرْسَخَيْنِ، فَاعْتَزَلَ مَعَهُ نَاسٌ زُهَاءَ سِتَّةِ آلَافٍ، ثُمَّ الْتَقَى النَّاسُ، فَكَانَ أَوَّلُ قَتِيلٍ طَلْحَةَ بْنَ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ ؓ، قَالَ: وَكَانَ كَعْبُ بْنُ سُورٍ يَقْرَأُ الْمُصْحَفَ، وَيَذْكُرُ هَؤُلَاءِ وَهَؤُلَاءِ حَتَّى قُتِلَ كَعْبٌ، وَقُتِلَ مَنْ قُتِلَ مِنْهُمْ، وَبَلَغَ الزُّبَيْرُ ؓ سَفَوَانَ مِنَ الْبَصْرَةِ بِمَكَانِ الْقَادِسِيَّةِ مِنْكُمْ، قَالَ: فَلَقِيَهُ النَّعِرُ، رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي مُجَاشِعٍ، فَقَالَ: أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ يَا حَوَارِيَّ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ، إِلَيَّ، فَأَنْتَ فِي ذِمَّتِي، لَا يُوصَلُ إِلَيْكَ فَأَقْبَلَ مَعَهُ، قَالَ: فَأَتَى إِنْسَانٌ الْأَحْنَفَ بْنَ قَيْسٍ ؓ، فَقَالَ: هَا هُوَ ذَا الزُّبَيْرُ قَدْ لَقِيَ سَفَوَانَ، قَالَ: فَمَا يَأْمَنُ ؟ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى ضَرَبَ بَعْضُهُمْ حَوَاجِبَ بَعْضٍ بِالسَّيْفِ، ثُمَّ لَحِقَ بِبَنِيهِ وَأَهْلِهِ، قَالَ: فَسَمِعَهُ عُوَيْمِرُ بْنُ جُرْمُوزٍ، وَفَضَالَةُ بْنُ حَابِسٍ، وَنُفَيْعٌ، فَرَكِبُوا فِي طَلَبِهِ، فَلَقُوهُ مَعَ النَّعِرِ

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. Isḥāq
  2. ʿAbdullāh b. Idrīs
  3. Ḥuṣayn Yuḥaddith
  4. ʿAmr b. Jaʾwān
  5. al-Aḥnaf b. Qays

✧ We set out as pilgrims and arrived in Madinah. While we were in our lodgings, putting down our saddles, a messenger came and said: "The people are alarmed and have gathered in the mosque." We went to the mosque—and he mentioned the hadith about Uthman ؓ adjuring the Companions and their acknowledgment ؓ of his virtues. Al-Ahnaf b. Qays said: I met Talhah and al-Zubayr ؓ and said: "I think this man will be killed. Whom do you command me to pledge allegiance to?" They said: "Ali ؓ." I said: "Do you command me to do that and approve it for me?" They said: "Yes." I left and went to Makkah. While I was there, it was announced that Uthman b. Affan ؓ had been killed, and Aishah, Mother of the Believers ؓ, was in Makkah. I went to her and said: "I adjure you by Allah, whom do you command me to pledge allegiance to?" She ؓ said: "Ali." I said: "Do you command me to do that and approve it for me?" She said: "Yes." He said: I returned and went to Ali ؓ in Madinah and pledged allegiance to him. Then I returned to my people in Basrah, thinking that the matter had become settled. While we were thus, a messenger came and said: "Aishah, Mother of the Believers, Talhah, and al-Zubayr ؓ have encamped near al-Khuraybah." I said: "What brought them?" They said: "They sent to you seeking support for the blood of Uthman ؓ, who was killed unjustly." The most dreadful thing ever came to me. I said: "Abandoning a people with whom are the Mother of the Believers and the disciple of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is hard, and fighting a man, the cousin of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, whom they commanded me to pledge allegiance to, is hard." When I came to them, I said: "What brought you?" They said: "We have come seeking support for the blood of Uthman ؓ, who was killed unjustly." I said: "O Mother of the Believers, I adjure you by Allah! Did I say to you: 'Whom do you command me?' and you said: 'Ali,' and I said: 'Do you command me to pledge allegiance to him and approve it for me?' and you said: 'Yes'?" She said: "Yes." I said to al-Zubayr ؓ: "O disciple of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and O Talhah, I adjure you both by Allah! Did I say to you both: 'Whom do you command me to pledge allegiance to?' and you said: 'Ali,' and I said: 'Do you command me to pledge allegiance to him and approve it for me?' and you said: 'Yes'?" They said: "Yes." I said: "By Allah, I will not fight you while the Mother of the Believers and the disciple of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ are with you. By Allah, I will not fight the cousin of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, a man you commanded me to pledge allegiance to. Choose from me one of three options: either open the gate of the bridge for me so I can join such-and-such land—meaning the land of the Persians—until Allah decides His matter as He wills; or I join Makkah; or I withdraw and be near you, not with you nor against you." They said: "We will consult and then send to you." He said: They consulted and said: "As for opening the gate of the bridge for him so he joins the land of the Persians, the deserters and abandoners will join him. As for joining Makkah, he will amaze you among Quraysh and tell them your news; that is not good for you. But make him near here, where you trample on his ear." So he withdrew to al-Jalha, two farsakhs from Basrah, and about six thousand people withdrew with him. Then the people met in battle, and the first to be killed was Talhah b. Ubayd Allah ؓ. He said: Ka'b b. Sur was reading the Mushaf and reminding these and those until Ka'b was killed, and whoever was killed among them was killed. Al-Zubayr ؓ reached Safwan from Basrah, at the place of al-Qadisiyyah from you. He said: Al-Na'ir, a man of Banu Mujashi', met him and said: "Where are you going, O disciple of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ? Come to me, you are under my protection; no one will reach you." So he went with him. He said: A person came to al-Ahnaf b. Qays ؓ and said: "There is al-Zubayr; he has reached Safwan." He said: "What is he safe from? He gathered the Muslims until they struck each other's brows with swords, then joined his sons and family." He said: Uwaymir b. Jurmuz, Fadalah b. Habis, and Nufay' heard him, so they rode in pursuit and met him with al-Na'ir.

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