Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah 234
✧ Chapter Groups on Supererogatory Acts of Purification
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234 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ الْمِقْدَامِ الْعِجْلِيَّ يَقُولُ:
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ. قَالَ شُعْبَةُ: هَذَا ثُلُثُ رَأْسِ مَالِي. قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: قَدْ كُنْتُ بَيَّنْتُ فِي كِتَابِ الْبُيُوعِ أَنَّ بَيْنَ الْمَكْرُوهِ وَبَيْنَ الْمُحَرَّمِ فُرْقَانًا، وَاسْتَدْلَلْتُ عَلَى الْفَرْقِ بَيْنَهُمَا بِقَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ: " إِنَّ اللهَ كَرِهَ لَكُمْ ثَلَاثًا، وَحَرَّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ ثَلَاثًا، كَرِهَ لَكُمْ قِيلَ وَقَالَ، وَكَثْرَةَ السُّؤَالِ، وَإِضَاعَةَ الْمَالِ، وَحَرَّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ عُقُوقَ الْأُمَّهَاتِ، وَوَأْدَ الْبَنَاتِ، وَمَنَعَ وَهَاتِ ". فَفَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الْمَكْرُوهِ، وَبَيْنَ الْمُحَرَّمِ بِقَوْلِهِ فِي خَبَرِ الْمُهَاجِرِ بْنِ قُنْفُذٍ: " كَرِهْتُ أَنْ أَذْكُرَ اللهَ إِلَّا عَلَى طُهْرٍ "، قَدْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ إِنَّمَا كَرِهَ ذَلِكَ إِذِ الذِّكْرُ عَلَى طُهْرٍ أَفْضَلُ لَا أَنَّ ذِكْرَ اللهِ عَلَى غَيْرِ طُهْرٍ مُحَرَّمٌ، إِذِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ قَدْ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى غَيْرِ طُهْرٍ، وَالْقُرْآنُ أَفْضَلُ الذِّكْرِ. وَقَدْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَذْكُرُ اللهَ عَلَى كُلِّ أَحْيَانِهِ عَلَى مَا رُوِّينَا عَنْ عَائِشَةَ - ؓ وَقَدْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ تَكُونَ كَرَاهَتُهُ لِذِكْرِ اللهِ إِلَّا عَلَى طُهْرٍ، ذِكْرُ اللهِ الَّذِي هُوَ فَرْضٌ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ دُونَ مَا هُوَ مُتَطَوِّعٌ بِهِ، فَإِذَا كَانَ ذِكْرُ اللهِ فَرْضًا لَمْ يُؤَدِّ الْفَرْضَ عَلَى غَيْرِ طُهْرٍ حَتَّى يَتَطَهَّرَ، ثُمَّ يُؤَدِّي ذَلِكَ الْفَرْضَ عَلَى طَهَارَةٍ؛ لِأَنَّ رَدَّ السَّلَامِ فَرْضٌ عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ الْعُلَمَاءِ، فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ ﷺ وَهُوَ عَلَى غَيْرِ طُهْرٍ حَتَّى تَطَهَّرَ، ثُمَّ رَدَّ السَّلَامَ، فَأَمَّا مَا [ كَانَ ] الْمَرْءُ مُتَطَوِّعًا بِهِ مِنْ ذِكْرِ اللهِ وَلَوْ تَرَكَهُ فِي حَالَةٍ هُوَ فِيهَا غَيْرُ طَاهِرٍ، لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ إِعَادَتُهُ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَذْكُرَ اللهَ مُتَطَوِّعًا بِالذِّكْرِ وَإِنْ كَانَ غَيْرَ مُتَطَهِّرٍ:،:::،::
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū Ṭāhir
- Abū Bakr
- Aḥmad b. al-Miqdām al-ʿIjlī
✧ Sa'id b. al-Rabi' narrated to us from Shu'bah with this hadith. Shu'bah said: 'This is a third of my capital.' Abu Bakr said: I have already clarified in the Book of Sales that there is a distinction between what is disliked and what is forbidden. I inferred the difference between them from the statement of the Prophet ﷺ: 'Allah has disliked for you three things and forbidden three things: He disliked for you gossip, excessive questioning, and wasting wealth; and He forbade you from disobedience to mothers, burying daughters alive, and withholding and demanding.' Thus he distinguished between what is disliked and what is forbidden by his statement in the report of al-Muhajir b. Qunfudh: 'I disliked to remember Allah except in a state of purity.' It is possible that he disliked that only because remembering Allah in a state of purity is superior, not because remembering Allah without purity is forbidden, since the Prophet ﷺ used to recite the Qur'an without purity, and the Qur'an is the best of remembrance. The Prophet ﷺ used to remember Allah in all his states, as we have narrated from A'ishah ؓ. And it is possible that his dislike of remembering Allah except in a state of purity refers to the remembrance of Allah that is obligatory upon a person, not that which is supererogatory. For if remembrance of Allah is obligatory, one does not fulfill the obligation without purity until he becomes pure and then performs that obligation in a state of purity, because returning the greeting of peace is obligatory according to most scholars, and he ﷺ did not return it while not in a state of purity until he purified himself and then returned the greeting. As for what a person does voluntarily of the remembrance of Allah, even if he leaves it in a state where he is not pure, there is no need for him to repeat it. So he may remember Allah voluntarily even if he is not purified.
Grades by grader
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What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Abū Zakariyyā Yaḥyá b. Sharaf al-Nawawī
إنه حديث ضعيف وقال في خلاصته خالف الترمذي الأكثرون فضعفوه
machine translationIt is a weak (ḍaʿīf) ḥadīth. He said in his Khulāṣah: Most scholars disagreed with al-Tirmidhī and declared it weak.
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234 - Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. al-Ḥusayn al-Bayhaqī
أهل الحديث لا يثبتونه لأن مداره على عبد الله بن سلمة وكان قد كبر وأنكر حديثه وعقله وإنما روى هذا بعد كبره
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234 - شعبة بن الحجاج
ما أحدث بحديث أحسن منه
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234 - Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal
كان أحمد يوهن هذا الحديث
machine translationAḥmad used to regard this ḥadīth as feeble.
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234
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- Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī
النووي في الخلاصة خالف الترمذي الأكثرون فضعفوا هذا الحديث وتخصيصه الترمذي بذلك دليل على أنه لم ير تصحيحه لغيره
machine translationAl-Nawawī in al-Khulāṣah: Most scholars disagreed with al-Tirmidhī and declared this ḥadīth weak (ḍaʿīf). That al-Tirmidhī singled it out in this way is evidence that he did not consider anyone else to have authenticated it.
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234 - Shafiʿī
تكلم فيه لأجل عبد الله بن سلمة
machine translationHe was criticised on account of ʿAbdullāh b. Salimah.
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234 - Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal
كان الإمام أحمد يوهن حديث علي ضعفه ويضعف أمر عبد الله بن سلمة
machine translationImam Aḥmad used to regard the ḥadīth of ʿAlī as feeble; he declared it weak (ḍaʿīf) and considered the standing of ʿAbdullāh b. Salimah weak.
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234 - ابن الملقن
لا قدح في إسناده إلا من جهة عبد الله بن سلمة فإن ما عداه من رجال إسناده متفق على الاحتجاج به
machine translationThere is no criticism of its chain except on account of ʿAbdullāh b. Salimah, for the rest of the men of its chain are agreed upon as acceptable for use as evidence.
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234 - Ibn Khuzaymah
صححه
machine translationHe declared it sound (ṣaḥḥaḥahu).
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234 - Badr al-Dīn al-ʿAynī
ليس أحد يحدث بحديث أجود من ذا
machine translationNo one narrates a ḥadīth better than this.
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234 - ابن عدي
لم يرو عمرو أحسن من هذا
machine translationʿAmr did not narrate anything better than this.
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234 - Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. al-Ḥusayn al-Bayhaqī
توقف في ثبوت هذا الحديث لأن مداره على عبد الله بن سلمة الكوفي وكان قد كبر وأنكر من حديثه وعقله بعض النكرة وإنما روى هذا الحديث بعد كبر
machine translationHe withheld judgement on the authenticity of this ḥadīth because its transmission revolves around ʿAbdullāh b. Salimah al-Kūfī, who had grown old, and some of his narrations were rejected and his mind was somewhat impaired. He only narrated this ḥadīth after he had grown old.
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234 - Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal
كان يوهن حديث علي هذا ويضعف أمر عبد الله بن سلمة
machine translationHe used to regard this ḥadīth of ʿAlī as feeble and considered the standing of ʿAbdullāh b. Salimah weak.
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234 - Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. al-Ḥusayn al-Bayhaqī
إنما يتوقف الشافعي في ثبوته لأن مداره على ابن سلمة وكان قد كبر وأنكر من حديثه وعقله بعض النكرة وإنما روى هذا الحديث بعدما كبر
machine translationAl-Shāfiʿī only withheld judgement on its authenticity because its transmission revolves around Ibn Salimah, who had grown old, and some of his narrations were rejected and his mind was somewhat impaired. He only narrated this ḥadīth after he had grown old.
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234 - Bazzār
وهذا الحديث لا نعلمه يروى بهذا اللفظ إلا عن علي ولا يروى عن علي إلا من حديث عمرو بن مرة عن عبد الله بن سلمة عن علي وكان عمرو بن مرة يحدث عن عبد الله بن سلمة فيقول يعرف في حديثه وينكر
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234 - Dāraquṭnī
سئل الدارقطني عنه فذكر الاختلاف فيه فقال والقول قول من قال عن عمرو بن مرة عن عبد الله بن سلمة عن علي
in صحيح ابن خزيمة, p. 234
Other narrations of this report
Narrators
- One of the ten (promised Paradise)d. 40 AHعَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍأحد العشرةصريح في السماع
- truthful (ṣadūq), his memory changedعبد الله بن سلمة الجمليصدوق ، تغير حفظهسمعت
- Trustworthy (thiqah), devout; he did not practice concealment (tadlīs), and he was accused of Irjāʾd. 118 AH, also said: before itعمرو بن مرة المراديثقة عابد كان لا يدلس ورمي بالإرجاءعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a retentive memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), meticulous (mutqin)d. 160 AHشعبة بن الحجاجثقة حافظ , متقنعن
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 211 AHسعيد بن الربيع الحرشيثقةحدثنا
- truthful (ṣadūq), a hadith specialist (ṣāḥib ḥadīth)d. Abū Bakr and others said: 253 AH. Ibn Ḥibbān said: 251 AHأَحْمَدَ بْنَ الْمِقْدَامِ الْعِجْلِيَّصدوق , صاحب حديثسمعت
- d. 311 AHأَبُو بَكْرٍ
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.