Sirat Ibn Hisham 1368
The fighting between Bakr and Khuzāʿa
ذِكْرُ الْأَسْبَابِ الْمُوجِبَةِ الْمَسِيرَ إلَى مَكَّةَ وَذِكْرُ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ [ الْقِتَالُ بَيْنَ بَكْرٍ وَخُزَاعَةَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: ثُمَّ أَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ بَعْثِهِ إلَى مُؤْتَةَ جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةَ وَرَجَبًا. ثُمَّ إنَّ بَنِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَاةَ بْنِ كِنَانَةَ عَدَتْ عَلَى خُزَاعَةَ، وَهُمْ عَلَى مَاءٍ لَهُمْ بِأَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ يُقَالُ لَهُ: الْوَتِيرُ، وَكَانَ الَّذِي هَاجَ مَا بَيْنَ بَنِي بَكْرٍ وَخُزَاعَةَ أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي الْحَضْرَمِيِّ، وَاسْمُهُ مَالِكُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ وَحِلْفُ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ يَوْمَئِذٍ إلَى الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ رَزْنٍ خَرَجَ تَاجِرًا، فَلَمَّا تَوَسَّطَ أَرْضَ خُزَاعَةَ، عَدَوْا عَلَيْهِ فَقَتَلُوهُ، وَأَخَذُوا مَالَهُ، فَعَدَتْ بَنُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ فَقَتَلُوهُ، فَعَدَتْ خُزَاعَةُ قُبَيْلَ الْإِسْلَامِ عَلَى بَنِي الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ رَزْنٍ الدِّيلِيِّ وَهُمْ مَنْخَرُ بَنِي كِنَانَةَ وَأَشْرَافُهُمْ سَلْمَى وَكُلْثُومٌ وَذُؤَيْبٌ فَقَتَلُوهُمْ بِعَرَفَةَ عِنْدَ أَنْصَابِ الْحَرَمِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي الدِّيلِ، قَالَ: كَانَ بَنُو الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ رَزْنٍ يُودَوْنَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ دِيَتَيْنِ دِيَتَيْنِ، وَنُودَى دِيَةً دِيَةً، لِفَضْلِهِمْ فِينَا قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَبَيْنَا بَنُو بَكْرٍ وَخُزَاعَةُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ حَجَزَ بَيْنَهُمْ الْإِسْلَامُ، وَتَشَاغَلَ النَّاسُ بِهِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ صُلْحُ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَبَيْنَ قُرَيْشٍ، كَانَ فِيمَا شَرَطُوا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَشَرَطَ لَهُمْ، كَمَا حَدَّثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ وَمَرْوَانَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، وَغَيْرِهِمْ مِنْ عُلَمَائِنَا: أَنَّهُ مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِي عَقْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعَهْدِهِ فَلْيَدْخُلْ فِيهِ، وَمَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِي عَقْدِ قُرَيْشٍ وَعَهْدِهِمْ فَلْيَدْخُلْ فِيهِ فَدَخَلَتْ بَنُو بَكْرٍ فِي عَقْدِ، قُرَيْشٍ وَعَهْدِهِمْ، وَدَخَلَتْ خُزَاعَةُ فِي عَقْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعَهْدِهِ. الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَبَيْنَ قُرَيْشٍ، كَانَ فِيمَا شَرَطُوا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَشَرَطَ لَهُمْ، كَمَا حَدَّثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ وَمَرْوَانَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، وَغَيْرِهِمْ مِنْ عُلَمَائِنَا: أَنَّهُ مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِي عَقْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعَهْدِهِ فَلْيَدْخُلْ فِيهِ، وَمَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِي عَقْدِ قُرَيْشٍ وَعَهْدِهِمْ فَلْيَدْخُلْ فِيهِ فَدَخَلَتْ بَنُو بَكْرٍ فِي عَقْدِ، قُرَيْشٍ وَعَهْدِهِمْ، وَدَخَلَتْ خُزَاعَةُ فِي عَقْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعَهْدِهِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ الْهُدْنَةُ اغْتَنَمَهَا بَنُو الدِّيلِ مِنْ بَنِي بَكْرٍ مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ، وَأَرَادُوا أَنْ يُصِيبُوا مِنْهُمْ ثَأْرًا بِأُولَئِكَ النَّفَرِ الَّذِينَ أَصَابُوا مِنْهُمْ بِبَنِي الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ رَزْنٍ، فَخَرَجَ نَوْفَلُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ الدِّيلِيُّ فِي بَنِي الدِّيلِ، وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ قَائِدُهُمْ، وَلَيْسَ كُلُّ بَنِي بَكْرٍ تَابَعَهُ حَتَّى بَيَّتَ خُزَاعَةَ وَهُمْ عَلَى الْوَتِيرِ، مَاءٌ لَهُمْ، فَأَصَابُوا مِنْهُمْ رَجُلًا، وَتَحَاوَزُوا وَاقْتَتَلُوا، وَرَفَدَتْ بَنِي بَكْرٍ قُرَيْشٌ بِالسِّلَاحِ، وَقَاتَلَ مَعَهُمْ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ مَنْ قَاتَلَ بِاللَّيْلِ مُسْتَخْفِيًا، حَتَّى حَازُوا خُزَاعَةَ إلَى الْحَرَمِ، فَلَمَّا انْتَهَوْا إلَيْهِ قَالَتْ بَنُو بَكْرٍ: يَا نَوْفَلُ، إنَّا قَدْ دَخَلْنَا الْحَرَمَ، إلَهَكَ إلَهَكَ، فَقَالَ: كَلِمَةً عَظِيمَةً، لَا إلَهَ لَهُ الْيَوْمَ، يَا بَنِي بَكْرٍ أَصِيبُوا ثَأْرَكُمْ فَلَعَمْرِي إنَّكُمْ لَتَسْرِقُونَ فِي الْحَرَمِ، أَفَلَا تُصِيبُونَ ثَأْرَكُمْ فِيهِ، وَقَدْ أَصَابُوا مِنْهُمْ لَيْلَةَ بَيَّتُوهُمْ بِالْوَتِيرِ رَجُلًا يُقَالُ لَهُ مُنَبِّهٌ وَكَانَ مُنَبِّهٌ رَجُلًا مَفْئُودًا خَرَجَ هُوَ وَرَجُلٌ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ يُقَالُ لَهُ تَمِيمُ بْنُ أَسَدٍ وَقَالَ لَهُ مُنَبِّهٌ: يَا تَمِيمُ، اُنْجُ بِنَفْسِكَ، فَأَمَّا أَنَا فَوَاَللَّهِ إنِّي لَمَيِّتٌ، قَتَلُونِي أَوْ تَرَكُونِي، لَقَدْ انْبَتَّ فُؤَادِي، وَانْطَلَقَ تَمِيمٌ فَأَفْلَتْ، وَأَدْرَكُوا مُنَبِّهًا فَقَتَلُوهُ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَتْ خُزَاعَةُ مَكَّةَ، لَجَئُوا إلَى دَارِ بُدَيْلِ بْنِ وَرْقَاءَ، وَدَارِ مَوْلَى لَهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ رَافِعٌ، فَقَالَ تَمِيمُ بْنُ أَسَدٍ يَعْتَذِرُ مِنْ فِرَارِهِ عَنْ مُنَبِّهٍ
Translation
✧ Account of the causes that necessitated the march to Makkah, and account of the conquest of Makkah in the month of Ramaḍān of the year eight [The fighting between Bakr and Khuzāʿah] Ibn Isḥāq said: Then the Messenger of God ﷺ remained after his dispatch to Muʾtah through Jumādā al-Ākhirah and Rajab. Then Banū Bakr b. ʿAbd Manāh b. Kinānah attacked Khuzāʿah while they were at a watering place of theirs in the lower part of Makkah called al-Watīr. The cause of the outbreak between Banū Bakr and Khuzāʿah was that a man of Banū al-Ḥaḍramī, named Mālik b. ʿAbbād, whose alliance that day was with al-Aswad b. Razn, went out as a merchant. When he entered the middle of Khuzāʿah's territory, they attacked him and killed him and took his property. So Banū Bakr attacked a man of Khuzāʿah and killed him. Then shortly before Islam, Khuzāʿah attacked Banū al-Aswad b. Razn of al-Dīl, who were the nose and nobles of Banū Kinānah—Salmā, Kulthūm, and Dhuʾayb—and killed them at ʿArafah by the boundary stones of the sanctuary. Ibn Isḥāq said: A man of Banū al-Dīl told me: In the Jāhiliyyah, Banū al-Aswad b. Razn used to pay two bloodwits, two bloodwits, while we were assessed one, one, because of their excellence among us. Ibn Isḥāq said: While Banū Bakr and Khuzāʿah were in that state, Islam intervened and people became occupied with it. When the truce of al-Ḥudaybiyah was made between the Messenger of God ﷺ and Quraysh, among the conditions they stipulated for the Messenger of God ﷺ and he stipulated for them, as al-Zuhrī told me on the authority of ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr, on the authority of al-Miswar b. Makhramah and Marwān b. al-Ḥakam and others of our scholars: Whoever wishes to enter into the pact and covenant of the Messenger of God ﷺ may enter into it, and whoever wishes to enter into the pact and covenant of Quraysh may enter into it. So Banū Bakr entered into the pact and covenant of Quraysh, and Khuzāʿah entered into the pact and covenant of the Messenger of God ﷺ. Ibn Isḥāq said: When the truce came, Banū al-Dīl of Banū Bakr took advantage of it against Khuzāʿah and wanted to exact vengeance on them for those persons whom they had killed among Banū al-Aswad b. Razn. So Nawfal b. Muʿāwiyah al-Dīlī went out at the head of Banū al-Dīl—he was their leader that day—though not all Banū Bakr followed him, until he fell upon Khuzāʿah by night while they were at al-Watīr, a watering place of theirs. They killed one man of them, and the two sides drew apart and fought. Quraysh supplied Banū Bakr with weapons, and some of Quraysh fought with them by night in secret until they drove Khuzāʿah into the sanctuary. When they reached it, Banū Bakr said: "O Nawfal, we have entered the sanctuary. Your god, your god!" He said a terrible thing: "No god for you today, O Banū Bakr. Exact your vengeance, for by my life, you steal in the sanctuary; will you not exact your vengeance in it?" They had killed one of them the night they raided al-Watīr, a man called Munabbih. Munabbih was a man with a weak heart. He went out with a man of his people called Tamīm b. Asad, and Munabbih said to him: "O Tamīm, save yourself. As for me, by God, I am a dead man; whether they kill me or leave me, my heart has snapped." Tamīm went off and escaped, and they caught up with Munabbih and killed him. When Khuzāʿah entered Makkah, they took refuge in the house of Budayl b. Warqāʾ and the house of a client of theirs called Rāfiʿ. Tamīm b. Asad said, excusing his flight from Munabbih:
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