Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2269
The Year 66 AH
الْفِتْنَةِ بِخُرَاسَانَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ كَانَ حِصَارُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ خَازِمٍ مَنْ كَانَ بِخُرَاسَانَ مِنْ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ، بِسَبَبِ قَتْلِهِمُ ابْنَهُ مُحَمَّدًا، وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُهُ، فَلَمَّا تَفَرَّقَتْ بَنُو تَمِيمٍ بِخُرَاسَانَ، عَلَى مَا تَقَدَّمَ، أَتَى قَصْرَ فَرْتَنَا عِدَّةٌ مِنْ فُرْسَانِهِمْ مَا بَيْنَ السَّبْعِينَ إِلَى الثَّمَانِينَ، فَوَلُّوا أَمْرَهُمْ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ بِشْرِ بْنِ الْمُحْتَفِزِ الْمَازِنِيَّ، وَمَعَهُ شُعْبَةُ بْنُ ظَهِيرٍ النَّهْشَلِيُّ، وَوَرْدُ بْنُ الْفَلَقِ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ، وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ ذُؤَيْبٍ الْعَدَوِيُّ، وَجَيْهَانُ بْنُ مَشْجَعَةَ الضَّبِّيُّ، وَالْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ نَاشِبٍ الْعَدَوِيُّ، وَرَقَبَةُ بْنُ الْحُرِّ، فِي فُرْسَانٍ مِنْ تَمِيمٍ وَشُجْعَانِهِمْ، فَحَاصَرَهُمُ ابْنُ خَازِمٍ، فَكَانُوا يَخْرُجُونَ إِلَيْهِ فَيُقَاتِلُونَهُ، ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُونَ إِلَى الْقَصْرِ. فَخَرَجَ ابْنُ خَازِمٍ يَوْمًا فِي سِتَّةِ آلَافٍ، وَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ أَهْلُ الْقَصْرِ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ: ارْجِعُوا فَلَنْ تُطِيقُوهُ. فَحَلَفَ زُهَيْرُ بْنُ ذُؤَيْبٍ بِالطَّلَاقِ أَنَّهُ لَا يَرْجِعُ حَتَّى يَنْقُضَ صُفُوفَهُمْ. فَاسْتَبْطَنَ نَهْرًا قَدْ يَبِسَ، فَلَمْ يَشْعُرْ بِهِ أَصْحَابُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى حَمَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَحَطَّ أَوَّلَهُمْ عَلَى آخِرِهِمْ، وَاسْتَدَارَ وَكَرَّ رَاجِعًا، وَاتَّبَعُوهُ يَصِيحُونَ بِهِ، وَلَمْ يَجْسُرْ أَحَدٌ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى رَجَعَ إِلَى مَوْضِعِهِ، فَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَأَفْرَجُوا لَهُ حَتَّى رَجَعَ. فَقَالَ ابْنُ خَازِمٍ لِأَصْحَابِهِ: إِذَا طَاعَنْتُمْ زُهَيْرًا فَاجْعَلُوا فِي رِمَاحِكُمْ كَلَالِيبَ، ثُمَّ عَلِّقُوهَا فِي سِلَاحِهِ. فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمْ يَوْمًا فَطَاعَنَهُمْ، فَأَعْلَقُوا فِيهِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَرْمَاحٍ بِالْكَلَالِيبِ، فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَيْهِمْ لِيَحْمِلَ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَاضْطَرَبَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَخَلُّوا رِمَاحَهُمْ، فَعَادَ يَجُرُّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَرْمَاحٍ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْقَصْرَ. فَأَرْسَلَ ابْنُ خَازِمٍ إِلَى زُهَيْرٍ يَضْمَنُ لَهُ مِائَةَ أَلْفٍ وَمَيْسَانَ طُعْمَةً لِيُنَاصِحَهُ، فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ. فَلَمَّا طَالَ الْحِصَارُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَرْسَلُوا إِلَى ابْنِ خَازِمٍ لِيُمَكِّنَهُمْ مِنَ الْخُرُوجِ لِيَتَفَرَّقُوا، فَقَالَ: لَا إِلَّا عَلَى حُكْمِي، فَأَجَابُوا إِلَى ذَلِكَ. فَقَالَ زُهَيْرٌ: ثَكِلَتْكُمْ أُمَّهَاتُكُمْ ! وَاللَّهِ لَيَقْتُلَنَّكُمْ عَنْ آخِرِكُمْ، وَإِنْ طِبْتُمْ بِالْمَوْتِ نَفْسًا فَمُوتُوا كِرَامًا، اخْرُجُوا بِنَا جَمِيعًا، فَإِمَّا أَنْ تَمُوتُوا كِرَامًا، وَإِمَّا يَنْجُو بَعْضُكُمْ وَيَهْلِكُ بَعْضُكُمْ، وَايْمُ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ شَدَدْتُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ شَدَّةً صَادِقَةً لَيُفْرِجُنَّ لَكُمْ، فَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ كُنْتُ أَمَامَكُمْ، وَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ كُنْتُ خَلْفَكُمْ. فَأَبَوْا عَلَيْهِ. فَقَالَ: سَأُرِيكُمْ. ثُمَّ خَرَجَ هُوَ وَرَقَبَةُ بْنُ الْحُرِّ وَغُلَامٌ تُرْكِيٌّ وَابْنُ ظَهِيرٍ، فَحَمَلُوا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ حَمْلَةً مُنْكَرَةً، فَأَفْرَجُوا لَهُمْ، فَمَضَوْا، فَأَمَّا زُهَيْرٌ فَرَجَعَ وَنَجَا أَصْحَابُهُ. فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ زُهَيْرٌ إِلَى مَنْ بِالْقَصْرِ قَالَ: قَدْ رَأَيْتُمْ، أَطِيعُونِي. قَالُوا: إِنَّا نَضْعُفُ عَنْ هَذَا وَنَطْمَعُ فِي الْحَيَاةِ. فَقَالَ: لَا أَكُونُ أَعْجَزَكُمْ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ. فَنَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِ ابْنِ خَازِمٍ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَيَّدَهُمْ وَحُمِلُوا إِلَيْهِ رَجُلًا رَجُلًا، فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَمُنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَبَى عَلَيْهِ ابْنُهُ مُوسَى وَقَالَ لَهُ: إِنْ عَفَوْتَ عَنْهُمْ قَتَلْتُ نَفْسِي، فَقَتَلَهُمْ إِلَّا ثَلَاثَةً: أَحَدُهُمُ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ نَاشِبٍ، فَشَفَعَ فِيهِ بَعْضُ مَنْ مَعَهُ، فَأَطْلَقَهُ، وَالْآخَرُ جَيْهَانُ بْنُ مَشْجَعَةَ الضَّبِّيُّ الَّذِي أَلْقَى نَفْسَهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ، وَالْآخَرُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي سَعْدٍ مِنْ تَمِيمٍ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي رَدَّ النَّاسَ عَنِ ابْنِ خَازِمٍ يَوْمَ لَحِقُوهُ، وَقَالَ: انْصَرِفُوا عَنْ فَارِسِ مُضَرَ. وَقَالَ: وَلَمَّا أَرَادُوا حَمْلَ زُهَيْرِ بْنِ ذُؤَيْبٍ وَهُوَ مُقَيَّدٌ أَبَى، وَاعْتَمَدَ عَلَى رُمْحِهِ فَوَثَبَ الْخَنْدَقَ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ إِلَى ابْنِ خَازِمٍ يَحْجِلُ فِي قُيُودِهِ، فَجَلَسَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ خَازِمٍ: كَيْفَ شُكْرُكَ إِنْ أَطْلَقْتُكَ وَأَطْعَمْتُكَ مَيْسَانَ ؟ قَالَ: لَوْ لَمْ تَصْنَعْ بِي إِلَّا حَقْنَ دَمِي لَشَكَرْتُكَ. فَلَمْ يُمَكِّنْهُ ابْنُهُ مُوسَى مِنْ إِطْلَاقِهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُوهُ: وَيْحَكَ نَقْتُلُ مِثْلَ زُهَيْرٍ ! مَنْ لِقِتَالِ عَدُوِّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ؟ مَنْ لِحِمَى نِسَاءِ الْعَرَبِ ؟ فَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ لَوْ شَرَكْتَ فِي دَمِ أَخِي لَقَتَلْتُكَ ! فَأَمَرَ بِقَتْلِهِ. فَقَالَ زُهَيْرٌ: إِنَّ لِي حَاجَةً، لَا تَقْتُلْنِي وَيُخْلَطُ دَمِي بِدِمَاءِ هَؤُلَاءِ اللِّئَامِ، فَقَدْ نَهَيْتُهُمْ عَمَّا صَنَعُوا، وَأَمَرْتُهُمْ أَنْ يَمُوتُوا كِرَامًا وَيَخْرُجُوا عَلَيْكُمْ مُصْلِتِينَ، وَايْمُ اللَّهِ لَوْ فَعَلُوا لَأَذْعَرُوا بُنَيَّكَ هَذَا، وَشَغَلُوهُ بِنَفْسِهِ عَنْ طَلَبِ ثَأْرِ أَخِيهِ، فَأَبَوْا، وَلَوْ فَعَلُوا مَا قُتِلَ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ حَتَّى يَقْتُلَ رِجَالًا. فَأَمَرَ بِهِ ابْنُ خَازِمٍ فَقُتِلَ نَاحِيَةً. فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الْحَرِيشَ قَتْلُهُمْ قَالَ: أَعَاذِلَ إِنِّي لَمْ أُلِمْ فِي قِتَالِهِمْ وَقَدْ عَضَّ سَيْفِي كَبْشَهُمْ ثُمَّ صَمَّمَا أَعَاذِلَ مَا وُلِّيتُ حَتَّى تَبَدَّدَتْ رِجَالٌ وَحَتَّى لَمْ أَجِدْ مُتَقَدِّمَا أَعَاذِلَ أَفْنَانِي السِّلَاحُ، وَمَنْ يُطِلْ مُقَارَعَةَ الْأَبْطَالِ يَرْجِعْ مُكَلَّمَا أَعَيْنَيَّ إِنْ أَنَزَفْتُمَا الدَّمْعَ فَاسْكُبَا دَمًا لَازِمًا لِي دُونَ أَنْ تَسْكُبَا دَمَا أَبْعَدَ زُهَيْرٍ وَابْنِ بِشْرٍ تَتَابُعًا وَوَرْدٍ أُرَجِّي فِي خُرَاسَانَ مَغْنَمَا أَعَاذِلَ كَمْ مِنْ يَوْمِ حَرْبٍ شَهِدْتُهُ أَكُرُّ إِذَا مَا فَارِسُ السَّوْءِ أَحْجَمَا يَعْنِي زُهَيْرَ بْنَ ذُؤَيْبٍ، وَابْنُ بِشْرٍ هُوَ عُثْمَانُ، وَوَرْدَ بْنَ الْفَلَقِ.
Translation
✧ The strife in Khurasan In this year, ʿAbd Allāh b. Khāzim besieged those of Banū Tamīm who were in Khurasan because of their killing of his son Muḥammad, as has been mentioned before. When Banū Tamīm in Khurasan dispersed, as previously described, a number of their horsemen, between seventy and eighty, came to the fortress of Fartanā and appointed over themselves ʿUthmān b. Bishr b. al-Muḥtafiz al-Māzinī, and with him were Shuʿbah b. Ẓuhayr al-Nahshalī, Ward b. al-Falaq al-ʿAnbarī, Zuhayr b. Dhuʾayb al-ʿAdawī, Jayhān b. Mashjaʿah al-Ḍabbī, al-Ḥajjāj b. Nāshib al-ʿAdawī, and Raqabah b. al-Ḥurr, among the horsemen and braves of Tamīm. Ibn Khāzim besieged them, and they would come out to him and fight him, then return to the fortress. One day Ibn Khāzim went out with six thousand, and the people of the fortress came out to him. ʿUthmān b. Bishr said to them: “Return, for you cannot withstand him.” Zuhayr b. Dhuʾayb swore by divorce that he would not return until he had broken their ranks. He took cover in a dried-up riverbed, and the companions of ʿAbd Allāh did not notice him until he charged upon them. He pushed their first ranks back upon their last, turned around, and wheeled back. They pursued him, shouting at him, and no one dared descend to him until he returned to his position. Then he charged them, and they opened a way for him until he returned. Ibn Khāzim said to his companions: “When you thrust at Zuhayr, put hooks on your spears, then attach them to his weapon.” One day he came out to them and thrust at them, and they hooked four spears with hooks onto him. He turned toward them to charge them, but their hands shook and they let go of their spears, so he went back dragging four spears until he entered the fortress. Ibn Khāzim sent to Zuhayr, promising him one hundred thousand and Maysān as a fief if he would advise him sincerely, but he did not answer him. When the siege became prolonged for them, they sent to Ibn Khāzim to allow them to leave and disperse. He said: “No, except under my judgment.” They agreed to that. Zuhayr said: “May your mothers be bereaved! By God, he will kill you to the last man. If you are content to die, then die honorably. Come out with us all together: either you die honorably, or some of you escape and some perish. By God, if you launch one sincere, determined charge against them, they will open a way for you. If you wish, I will be in front of you, and if you wish, I will be behind you.” They refused him. He said: “I will show you.” Then he went out, along with Raqabah b. al-Ḥurr, a Turkish slave, and Ibn Ẓuhayr, and they charged the people with a furious charge. They opened a way for them, and they went through. As for Zuhayr, he returned, and his companions escaped. When Zuhayr returned to those in the fortress, he said: “You have seen. Obey me.” They said: “We are too weak for that, and we hope for life.” He said: “I will not be more helpless than you at death.” So they submitted to Ibn Khāzim’s judgment. He sent to them, had them fettered, and they were brought to him one by one. He wanted to show them favor, but his son Mūsā refused and said to him: “If you pardon them, I will kill myself.” So he killed them, except for three: one of them was al-Ḥajjāj b. Nāshib, for whom one of those with him interceded and he released him; the second was Jayhān b. Mashjaʿah al-Ḍabbī, who had thrown himself upon Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh, as previously mentioned; and the third was a man of Banū Saʿd of Tamīm, and he was the one who had turned the people away from Ibn Khāzim on the day they caught up with him, saying: “Turn away from the horseman of Muḍar.” He said: When they wanted to carry Zuhayr b. Dhuʾayb while he was in fetters, he refused, and leaning on his spear he leaped over the ditch, then came to Ibn Khāzim hopping in his fetters and sat before him. Ibn Khāzim said to him: “How would you thank me if I released you and gave you Maysān as a fief?” He said: “If you only spared my blood, I would thank you.” But his son Mūsā would not allow his release. His father said to him: “Woe to you! Shall we kill the like of Zuhayr? Who then will fight the enemies of the Muslims? Who will protect the women of the Arabs?” He said: “By God, if you shared in my brother’s blood, I would kill you!” So he ordered his execution. Zuhayr said: “I have a request: do not kill me so that my blood is mixed with the blood of these base men. I forbade them from what they did and commanded them to die honorably and come out against you with drawn swords. By God, if they had done so, they would have terrified this son of yours and occupied him with himself instead of seeking vengeance for his brother. But they refused. And if they had done so, not one man of them would have been killed until he had killed several men.” Ibn Khāzim ordered him taken aside and killed. When news of their killing reached al-Ḥarīsh, he said: O reproving woman, I have done no wrong in fighting them, my sword bit their ram, then cut to the bone. O reproving woman, I did not turn away until men were scattered, and until I found no one to advance. O reproving woman, weapons have worn me out; and he who prolongs clashing with heroes returns wounded. O my two eyes, if you exhaust tears, then shed blood that clings to me, rather than shedding tears. After Zuhayr and Ibn Bishr in succession, and Ward, do I hope for spoils in Khurasan? O reproving woman, how many days of war have I witnessed, charging when a cowardly horseman held back. That is, Zuhayr b. Dhuʾayb; Ibn Bishr is ʿUthmān; and Ward b. al-Falaq.
Grades by grader
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