Tarikh (al-Tabari) 189
Chapter mentioning nations destroyed en masse
بَابُ ذِكْرِ أُمَمٍ أُهْلِكُوا بِعَامَّةٍ وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ نُزُولِ التَّوْرَاةِ ; بِدَلِيلِ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا أَهْلَكْنَا الْقُرُونَ الْأُولَى [ الْقَصَصِ: 43 ]. الْآيَةَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ، قَالَ مَا أَهْلَكَ اللَّهُ قَوْمًا بِعَذَابٍ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ أَوْ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ، بَعْدَ مَا أُنْزِلَتِ التَّوْرَاةُ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ، غَيْرَ الْقَرْيَةِ الَّتِي مُسِخُوا قِرَدَةً ; أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا أَهْلَكْنَا الْقُرُونَ الْأُولَى وَرَفَعَهُ الْبَزَّارُ فِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ، وَالْأَشْبَهُ، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ، وَقْفُهُ، فَدَلَّ عَلَى أَنَّ كُلَّ أُمَّةٍ أُهْلِكَتْ بِعَامَّةٍ، قَبْلَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ . فَمِنْهُمْ: أَصْحَابُ الرَّسِّ، قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى، فِي سُورَةِ " الْفُرْقَانِ " وَعَادًا وَثَمُودَ وَأَصْحَابَ الرَّسِّ وَقُرُونًا بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ كَثِيرًا وَكُلًّا ضَرَبْنَا لَهُ الْأَمْثَالَ وَكُلًّا تَبَّرْنَا تَتْبِيرًا [ الْفُرْقَانِ: 38، 39 ]. وَقَالَ تَعَالَى، فِي سُورَةِ " ق " كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ وَأَصْحَابُ الرَّسِّ وَثَمُودُ وَعَادٌ وَفِرْعَوْنُ وَإِخْوَانُ لُوطٍ وَأَصْحَابُ الْأَيْكَةِ وَقَوْمُ تُبَّعٍ كُلٌّ كَذَّبَ الرُّسُلَ فَحَقَ وَعِيدِ [ ق: 12 - 14 ]. وَهَذَا السِّيَاقُ وَالَّذِي قَبْلَهُ يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُمْ أُهْلِكُوا، وَدُمِّرُوا، وَتُبِّرُوا، وَهُوَ الْهَلَاكُ. وَهَذَا يَرُدُّ اخْتِيَارَ ابْنِ جَرِيرٍ ; مِنْ أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْأُخْدُودِ، الَّذِينَ ذُكِرُوا فِي سُورَةِ " الْبُرُوجِ " ; لِأَنَّ أُولَئِكَ عِنْدَ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ وَجَمَاعَةٍ، كَانُوا بَعْدَ الْمَسِيحِ، عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ.، وَفِيهِ نَظَرٌ أَيْضًا. وَرَوَى ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: أَصْحَابُ الرَّسِّ أَهْلُ قَرْيَةٍ مِنْ قُرَى ثَمُودَ. وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ الْحَافِظُ الْكَبِيرُ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ بْنُ عَسَاكِرَ فِي أَوَّلِ " تَارِيخِهِ "، عِنْدَ ذِكْرِ بِنَاءِ دِمَشْقَ عَنْ " تَارِيخِ " أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ خُرْدَاذَبَةَ، وَغَيْرِهِ، أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ الرَّسِّ كَانُوا بِحَضُورٍ، فَبَعْثَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ نَبِيًّا يُقَالُ لَهُ: حَنْظَلَةُ بْنُ صَفْوَانَ. فَكَذَّبُوهُ وَقَتَلُوهُ، فَسَارَ عَادُ بْنُ عَوْصِ بْنِ إِرَمَ بْنِ سَامِ بْنِ نُوحٍ، بِوَلَدِهِ مِنَ الرَّسِّ، فَنَزَلَ الْأَحْقَافَ، وَأَهْلَكَ اللَّهُ أَصْحَابَ الرَّسِّ، وَانْتَشَرُوا فِي الْيَمَنِ كُلِّهَا، وَفَشَوْا مَعَ ذَلِكَ فِي الْأَرْضِ كُلِّهَا، حَتَّى نَزَلَ جَيْرُونُ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَادِ بْنِ عَوْصِ بْنِ إِرَمَ بْنِ سَامِ بْنِ نُوحٍ دِمَشْقَ وَبَنَى مَدِينَتَهَا، وَسَمَّاهَا جَيْرُونَ وَهِيَ إِرَمُ ذَاتُ الْعِمَادِ، وَلَيْسَ أَعْمِدَةُ الْحِجَارَةِ فِي مَوْضِعٍ أَكْثَرَ مِنْهَا بِدِمَشْقَ، فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ هُودَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رَبَاحِ بْنِ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْخُلُودِ بْنِ عَادٍ إِلَى عَادٍ - يَعْنِي أَوْلَادَ عَادٍ - بِالْأَحْقَافِ، فَكَذَّبُوهُ، وَأَهْلَكَهُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ. فَهَذَا يَقْتَضِي أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ الرَّسِّ قَبْلَ عَادٍ بِدُهُورٍ مُتَطَاوِلَةٍ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: الرَّسُّ بِئْرٌ بِأَذْرَبِيجَانَ. وَعَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، قَالَ: الرَّسُّ بِئْرٌ رَسُّوا فِيهَا نَبِيَّهُمْ. أَيْ ; دَفَنُوهُ فِيهَا. وَقَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ: أَصْحَابُ الرَّسِّ بِفَلْجَ، وَهُمْ أَصْحَابُ يَاسِينَ. وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ: فَلْجُ مِنْ قُرَى الْيَمَامَةِ. قُلْتُ: فَإِنْ كَانُوا أَصْحَابَ يَاسِينَ، كَمَا زَعَمَهُ عِكْرِمَةُ، فَقَدْ أُهْلِكُوا بِعَامَّةٍ، قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي قِصَّتِهِمْ إِنْ كَانَتْ إِلَّا صَيْحَةً وَاحِدَةً فَإِذَا هُمْ خَامِدُونَ [ يس: 29 ]. وَسَتَأْتِي قِصَّتُهُمْ بَعْدَ هَؤُلَاءِ. وَإِنْ كَانُوا غَيْرَهُمْ وَهُوَ الظَّاهِرُ فَقَدْ أُهْلِكُوا أَيْضًا وَتُبِّرُوا. وَعَلَى كُلِّ تَقْدِيرٍ فَيُنَافِي مَا ذَكَرَهُ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ النَّقَّاشُ، أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ الرَّسِّ كَانَتْ لَهُمْ بِئْرٌ تَرْوِيهِمْ، وَتَكْفِي أَرْضَهُمْ جَمِيعَهَا، وَكَانَ لَهُمْ مَلَكٌ عَادِلٌ حَسَنُ السِّيرَةِ، فَلَمَّا مَاتَ وَجَدُوا عَلَيْهِ وَجْدًا عَظِيمًا، فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ أَيَّامٍ تَصَوَّرَ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ فِي صُورَتِهِ، وَقَالَ: إِنِّي لَمْ أَمُتْ، وَلَكِنْ تَغَيَّبْتُ عَنْكُمْ حَتَّى أَرَى صَنِيعَكُمْ. فَفَرِحُوا أَشَدَّ الْفَرَحِ، وَأَمَرَ بِضَرْبِ حِجَابٍ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ، وَأَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّهُ لَا يَمُوتُ أَبَدًا، فَصَدَّقَ بِهِ أَكْثَرُهُمْ، وَافْتَتَنُوا بِهِ، وَعَبَدُوهُ، فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ فِيهِمْ نَبِيًّا، وَأَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّ هَذَا شَيْطَانٌ يُخَاطِبُهُمْ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْحِجَابِ، وَنَهَاهُمْ عَنْ عِبَادَتِهِ، وَأَمَرَهُمْ بِعِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ. قَالَ السُّهَيْلِيُّ: وَكَانَ يُوحَى إِلَيْهِ فِي النَّوْمِ، وَكَانَ اسْمُهُ حَنْظَلَةَ بْنَ صَفْوَانَ، فَعَدَوْا عَلَيْهِ فَقَتَلُوهُ، وَأَلْقَوْهُ فِي الْبِئْرِ، فَغَارَ مَاؤُهَا، وَعَطِشُوا بَعْدَ رَيِّهِمْ وَيَبِسَتْ أَشْجَارُهُمْ، وَانْقَطَعَتْ ثِمَارُهُمْ، وَخَرِبَتْ دِيَارُهُمْ، وَتَبَدَّلُوا بَعْدَ الْأُنْسِ بِالْوَحْشَةِ، وَبَعْدَ الِاجْتِمَاعِ بِالْفُرْقَةِ، وَهَلَكُوا عَنْ آخِرِهِمْ، وَسَكَنَ فِي مَسَاكِنِهِمُ الْجِنُّ وَالْوُحُوشُ، فَلَا يُسْمَعُ بِبِقَاعِهِمْ إِلَّا عَزِيفُ الْجِنِّ، وَزَئِيرُ الْأُسْدِ، وَصَوْتُ الضِّبَاعِ. وَعَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ الْقُرَظِيِّ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: إِنَّ أَوَّلَ النَّاسِ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ الْعَبْدُ الْأَسْوَدُ; وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى بَعَثَ نَبِيًّا إِلَى أَهْلِ قَرْيَةٍ، فَلَمْ يُؤْمِنْ بِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا إِلَّا ذَلِكَ الْأَسْوَدُ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ أَهْلَ الْقَرْيَةِ عَدَوْا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ، فَحَفَرُوا لَهُ بِئْرًا، فَأَلْقَوْهُ فِيهَا، ثُمَّ أَطْبَقُوا عَلَيْهِ بِحَجَرٍ أَصَمَّ قَالَ: فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ الْعَبْدُ يَذْهَبُ فَيَحْتَطِبُ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ، ثُمَّ يَأْتِي بِحَطَبِهِ فَيَبِيعُهُ، وَيَشْتَرِي بِهِ طَعَامًا وَشَرَابًا، ثُمَّ يَأْتِي بِهِ إِلَى ذَلِكَ الْبِئْرِ، فَيَرْفَعُ تِلْكَ الصَّخْرَةَ، وَيُعِينُهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا، وَيُدْلِي إِلَيْهِ طَعَامَهُ وَشَرَابَهُ، ثُمَّ يَرُدُّهَا كَمَا كَانَتْ. قَالَ: فَكَانَ كَذَلِكَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ ذَهَبَ يَوْمًا يَحْتَطِبُ، كَمَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ، فَجَمَعَ حَطَبَهُ وَحَزَمَ حُزْمَتَهُ وَفَرَغَ مِنْهَا، فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَحْتَمِلَهَا، وَجَدَ سِنَةً، فَاضْطَجَعَ يَنَامُ، فَضَرَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَى أُذُنِهِ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ نَائِمًا، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ هَبَّ، فَتَمَطَّى وَتَحَوَّلَ لِشِقِّهِ الْآخَرِ فَاضْطَجَعَ، فَضَرَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَى أُذُنِهِ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ أُخْرَى، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ هَبَّ، وَاحْتَمَلَ حُزْمَتَهُ، وَلَا يَحْسَبُ أَنَّهُ نَامَ إِلَّا سَاعَةً مِنْ نَهَارٍ، فَجَاءَ إِلَى الْقَرْيَةِ، فَبَاعَ حُزْمَتَهُ، ثُمَّ اشْتَرَى طَعَامًا وَشَرَابًا، كَمَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ ذَهَبَ إِلَى الْحُفْرَةِ، إِلَى مَوْضِعِهَا الَّذِي كَانَتْ فِيهِ، فَالْتَمَسَهُ فَلَمْ يَجِدْهُ، وَقَدْ كَانَ بَدَا لِقَوْمِهِ فِيهِ بَدَاءٌ، فَاسْتَخْرَجُوهُ، وَآمَنُوا بِهِ وَصَدَّقُوهُ. قَالَ: فَكَانَ نَبِيُّهُمْ يَسْأَلُهُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ الْأَسْوَدِ: مَا فَعَلَ؟ فَيَقُولُونَ لَهُ: مَا نَدْرِي. حَتَّى قَبَضَ اللَّهُ النَّبِيَّ، عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، وَأَهَبَّ الْأَسْوَدُ مِنْ نَوْمِهِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: إِنْ ذَلِكَ الْأَسْوَدَ لَأَوَّلُ مَنْ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ. ثُمَّ قَدْ رَدَّهُ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ نَفْسُهُ، وَقَالَ: لَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُحْمَلَ هَؤُلَاءِ عَلَى أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الرَّسِّ الْمَذْكُورُونَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ. قَالَ: لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ أَخْبَرَ عَنْ أَصْحَابِ الرَّسِّ أَنَّهُ أَهْلَكَهُمْ، وَهَؤُلَاءِ قَدْ بَدَا لَهُمْ فَآمَنُوا بِنَبِيِّهِمْ، اللَّهُمَّ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ حَدَثَتْ لَهُمْ أَحْدَاثٌ، آمَنُوا بِالنَّبِيِّ بَعْدَ هَلَاكِ آبَائِهِمْ. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. ثُمَّ اخْتَارَ أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْأُخْدُودِ، وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ; لِمَا تَقَدَّمَ وَلِمَا ذُكِرَ فِي قِصَّةِ أَصْحَابِ الْأُخْدُودِ، حَيْثُ تُوُعِّدُوا بِالْعَذَابِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ إِنْ لَمْ يَتُوبُوا، وَلَمْ يُذْكَرْ هَلَاكُهُمْ، وَقَدْ صُرِّحَ بِهَلَاكِ أَصْحَابِ الرَّسِّ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَرَوَى أَنَسٌ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: " مَا صُدِّقَ نَبِيٌّ مَا صُدِّقْتُ، إِنَّ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ مَنْ لَمْ يُصَدِّقْهُ مِنْ أُمَّتِهِ إِلَّا الرَّجُلُ الْوَاحِدُ ". فَمِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ أَصْحَابُ الرَّسِّ. قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ: كَانَ أَصْحَابُ الرَّسِّ يَعْبُدُونَ شَجَرَةً، فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِمْ نَبِيًّا مِنْ وَلَدِ يَهُوذَا بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ، فَحَفَرُوا لَهُ بِئْرًا وَأَلْقَوْهُ فِيهَا فَهَلَكُوا. وَقَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ: كَانَ لَهُمْ نَبِيٌّ يُقَالُ لَهُ: " حَنْظَلَةُ بْنُ صَفْوَانَ " قَتَلُوهُ فَأَهْلَكَهُمُ اللَّهُ.
Translation
✧ Chapter mentioning nations destroyed en masse And that was before the revelation of the Torah, by the evidence of the Almighty's saying: "And We certainly gave Moses the Book after We had destroyed the earlier generations" [al-Qasas: 43], the verse. From Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī, who said: "Allah did not destroy any people by a punishment from the sky or from the earth, after the Torah was sent down upon the face of the earth, except the town that was transformed into apes. Do you not see that Allah, the Exalted, says: 'And We certainly gave Moses the Book after We had destroyed the earlier generations'?" Al-Bazzār raised it in a narration of his, but the more likely, and Allah knows best, is that it is mawqūf. Thus it indicates that every nation destroyed en masse was before Moses ﷺ. Among them are the Companions of al-Rass. Allah, the Exalted, said in Sūrat al-Furqān: "And ʿĀd and Thamūd and the companions of al-Rass and many generations between them. And for each We set forth parables, and each We destroyed utterly" [al-Furqān: 38-39]. And He, the Exalted, said in Sūrat Qāf: "The people of Noah denied before them, and the companions of al-Rass, and Thamūd, and ʿĀd, and Pharaoh, and the brothers of Lot, and the companions of the Thicket, and the people of Tubbaʿ. Each denied the messengers, so My threat was justly fulfilled" [Qāf: 12-14]. This context and the one before it indicate that they were destroyed, annihilated, and utterly ruined, which is destruction. This refutes the choice of Ibn Jarīr that they were the Companions of the Pit mentioned in Sūrat al-Burūj, because those, according to Ibn Isḥāq and a group, were after the Messiah ﷺ, and there is also some doubt in that. Ibn Jarīr narrated, saying: Ibn ʿAbbās said: "The companions of al-Rass were the people of a village among the villages of Thamūd." The great ḥāfiẓ Abū al-Qāsim ibn ʿAsākir mentioned at the beginning of his "History," when discussing the building of Damascus, from the "History" of Abū al-Qāsim ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Khurdādhbah and others, that the companions of al-Rass were in Ḥaḍūr. Allah sent them a prophet called Ḥanẓalah b. Ṣafwān. They denied him and killed him, so ʿĀd b. ʿAwṣ b. Iram b. Sām b. Nūḥ departed with his children from al-Rass and settled in al-Aḥqāf, and Allah destroyed the companions of al-Rass, and they spread throughout all of Yemen, and with that they spread throughout all the earth, until Jayrūn b. Saʿd b. ʿĀd b. ʿAwṣ b. Iram b. Sām b. Nūḥ settled in Damascus and built its city and called it Jayrūn, which is Iram of the pillars, and there are no more stone pillars in any place than there are in Damascus. Then Allah sent Hūd b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Rabāḥ b. Khālid b. al-Khulūd b. ʿĀd to ʿĀd — meaning the children of ʿĀd — in al-Aḥqāf, and they denied him, and Allah, Mighty and Majestic, destroyed them. This implies that the companions of al-Rass were before ʿĀd by long ages. And Allah knows best. From Ibn ʿAbbās, he said: "Al-Rass is a well in Azerbaijan." From ʿIkrimah, he said: "Al-Rass is a well into which they lowered their prophet," meaning they buried him in it. Ibn Jurayj said: ʿIkrimah said: "The companions of al-Rass are in Falj, and they are the companions of Yā Sīn." Qatādah said: "Falj is among the villages of al-Yamāmah." I say: If they were the companions of Yā Sīn, as ʿIkrimah claimed, then they were destroyed en masse. Allah, the Exalted, said in their story: "It was not but one shout, and immediately they were extinguished" [Yā Sīn: 29]. Their story will come after these. If they were other than them, which is the apparent meaning, then they were also destroyed and utterly ruined. In any case, it contradicts what Ibn Jarīr mentioned. Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Naqqāsh mentioned that the companions of al-Rass had a well that watered them and sufficed all their land. They had a just king of good conduct. When he died, they grieved greatly over him. After some days, Satan appeared to them in his form and said: "I did not die, but I disappeared from you to see how you would act." They rejoiced greatly, and he ordered a veil to be set between them and him, and informed them that he would never die. Most of them believed him, were fascinated by him, and worshipped him. Then Allah sent them a prophet who informed them that this was a Satan speaking to them from behind the veil, and he forbade them from worshipping him, and commanded them to worship Allah alone with no partner. Al-Suhaylī said: Revelation came to him in sleep, and his name was Ḥanẓalah b. Ṣafwān. They attacked him, killed him, and threw him into the well, and its water sank away, and they became thirsty after being watered, and their trees dried up, and their fruits ceased, and their homes fell into ruin, and they exchanged intimacy for desolation, and unity for separation, and they perished to the last. The jinn and wild beasts dwelt in their dwellings, so nothing is heard in their lands but the cry of the jinn, the roar of lions, and the howl of hyenas. From Ibn Isḥāq, from Muḥammad b. Kaʿb al-Quraẓī, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "The first person to enter Paradise on the Day of Resurrection will be a black slave. That is because Allah, the Exalted, sent a prophet to the people of a village, and none of its people believed in him except that black man. Then the people of the village attacked the prophet, dug a well for him, threw him into it, and then covered him with a massive rock." He said: "That slave would go and gather firewood on his back, then come with his wood and sell it, and buy food and drink with it, then come to that well and lift that rock, with Allah helping him, and lower his food and drink to him, then return it as it was." He said: "That continued as long as Allah willed. Then one day he went to gather wood as he used to do, and gathered his wood and tied his bundle and finished it. When he wanted to carry it, he felt drowsy, so he lay down to sleep, and Allah struck his ear with sleep for seven years. Then he woke, stretched, turned to his other side, and lay down, and Allah struck his ear with sleep for another seven years. Then he woke, carried his bundle, not thinking he had slept except an hour of a day. He came to the village and sold his bundle, then bought food and drink as he used to do. Then he went to the pit, to the place where it had been, and searched for it but could not find it. His people had changed their minds about him, so they extracted him, believed in him, and affirmed him." He said: "Their prophet would ask them about that black man: What did he do? They would say to him: We do not know. Until Allah took the prophet ﷺ, and the black man woke from his sleep after that." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "That black man will indeed be the first to enter Paradise." Then Ibn Jarīr himself rejected this and said: It is not permissible to take these as the companions of al-Rass mentioned in the Qur'an. He said: Because Allah reported that He destroyed the companions of al-Rass, whereas these changed their minds and believed in their prophet. Unless, O Allah, some events happened to them, and they believed in the prophet after the destruction of their forefathers. And Allah knows best. Then he chose that they were the companions of the Pit, but that is weak, because of what preceded and because of what is mentioned in the story of the companions of the Pit, where they were threatened with punishment in the Hereafter if they did not repent, and their destruction is not mentioned, whereas the destruction of the companions of al-Rass is explicitly stated. And Allah knows best. Anas narrated from the Prophet ﷺ that he said: "No prophet was believed as I have been believed. Among the prophets are those whom no one of his nation believed except a single man." Among those prophets were the companions of al-Rass. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ؓ said: The companions of al-Rass worshipped a tree. Allah, the Exalted, sent them a prophet from the descendants of Judah b. Jacob. They dug a well for him and threw him into it, and they perished. Saʿīd b. Jubayr said: They had a prophet called Ḥanẓalah b. Ṣafwān. They killed him, and Allah destroyed them.
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