al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 6176

Translation

✧ "None of you should brandish a sword at his brother, for perhaps Satan will cause it to slip from his hand and he will fall into a pit of the pits of the Fire."

Notes

• قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ السَّاعِدِيِّ سَمِعَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ «فَحِرْصُهُ عَلَى الْعِلْمِ يَبْعَثُهُ عَلَى سَمَاعِ خَبَرٍ لَمْ يَسْمَعْهُ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِنْهُ وَإِنَّمَا يَتَكَلَّمُ فِي أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ لِدَفْعِ أَخْبَارِهِ مَنْ قَدْ أَعْمَى اللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُمْ فَلَا يَفْهَمُونَ مَعَانِيَ الْأَخْبَارِ إِمَّا مُعَطِّلٌ جَهْمِيٌّ يَسْمَعُ أَخْبَارَهُ الَّتِي يَرَوْنَهَا خِلَافَ مَذْهَبِهِمُ الَّذِي هُوَ كَفْرٌ فَيَشْتُمونَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ وَيَرْمُونَهُ بِمَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى قَدْ نَزَّهَهُ عَنْهُ تَمْوِيهًا عَلَى الرِّعَاءِ وَالسَّفِلِ أَنَّ أَخْبَارَهُ لَا تَثْبُتُ بِهَا الْحُجَّةُ وَإِمَّا خَارِجِيٌّ يَرَى السَّيْفَ عَلَى أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ وَلَا يَرَى طَاعَةَ خَلِيفَةٍ وَلَا إِمَامٍ إِذَا سَمِعَ أَخْبَارَ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ خِلَافَ مَذْهَبِهِمُ الَّذِي هُوَ ضَلَالٌ لَمْ يَجِدْ حِيلَةً فِي دَفْعِ أَخْبَارِهِ بِحُجَّةٍ وَبُرْهَانٍ كَانَ مَفْزَعُهُ الْوَقِيعَةَ فِي أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَوْ قَدَرِيٌّ اعْتَزَلَ الْإِسْلَامَ وَأَهْلَهُ وَكَفَّرَ أَهْلَ الْإِسْلَامِ الَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُونَ الْأَقْدَارَ الْمَاضِيَةَ الَّتِي قَدَّرَهَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَقَضَاهَا قَبْلَ كَسْبِ الْعِبَادِ لَهَا إِذَا نَظَرَ إِلَى أَخْبَارِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ الَّتِي قَدْ رَوَاهَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي إِثْبَاتِ الْقَدَرِ لَمْ يَجِدْ بِحُجَّةٍ يُرِيدُ صِحَّةَ مَقَالَتِهِ الَّتِي هِيَ كُفْرٌ وَشِرْكٌ كَانَتْ حُجَّتُهُ عِنْدَ نَفْسِهِ أَنَّ أَخْبَارَ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ لَا يَجُوزُ الِاحْتِجَاجُ بِهَا أَوْ جَاهِلٌ يَتَعَاطَى الْفِقْهَ وَيَطْلُبُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ مَظَانِّهِ إِذَا سَمِعَ أَخْبَارَ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ فِيمَا يُخَالِفُ مَذْهَبَ مَنْ قَدِ اجْتَبَى مَذْهَبَهُ وَأَخْبَارَهُ تَقْلِيدًا بِلَا حُجَّةٍ وَلَا بُرْهَانٍ كَلَّمَ فِي أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَدَفَعَ أَخْبَارَهُ الَّتِي تُخَالِفُ مَذْهَبَهُ وَيَحْتَجُّ بِأَخْبَارِهِ عَلَى مُخَالَفَتِهِ إِذَا كَانَتْ أَخْبَارُهُ مُوَافِقَةً لِمَذْهَبِهِ وَقَدْ أَنْكَرَ بَعْضُ هَذِهِ الْفَرَقِ عَلَى أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَخْبَارًا لَمْ يَفْهَمُوا مَعْنَاهَا أَنَا ذَاكِرٌ بَعْضُهَا بِمَشِيئَةِ اللَّهِ ﷻ» ذَكَرَ الْإِمَامُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ حَدِيثَ عَائِشَةَ الَّذِي تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرِي لَهُ وَحَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عُذِّبَتِ امْرَأَةٌ فِي هِرَّةٍ وَمَنْ كَانَ مُصَلِّيًا بَعْدَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَمَا يُعَارِضُهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَبِالْوُضُوءِ مِمَّا مَسَّتِ النَّارُ ذَكَرَهَا وَالْكَلَامُ عَلَيْهَا يَطُولُ قَالَ الْحَاكِمُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ «وَأَنَا ذَاكِرٌ بِمَشِيئَةِ اللَّهِ ﷻ فِي هَذَا رِوَايَةَ أَكَابِرِ الصَّحَابَةِ أَجْمَعِينَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ فَقَدْ رَوَى عَنْهُ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ وَأَبُو أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ وَأُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ وَجَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَعَائِشَةُ وَالْمِسْوَرُ بْنُ مَخْرَمَةَ وَعُقْبَةُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ وَأَبُو مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيُّ وَأَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ وَالسَّائِبُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ وَأَبُو رَافِعٍ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَبُو أُمَامَةَ بْنُ سَهْلٍ وَأَبُو الطُّفَيْلِ وَأَبُو نَضْرَةَ الْغِفَارِيُّ وَأَبُو رُهْمٍ الْغِفَارِيُّ وَشَدَّادُ بْنُ الْهَادِ وَأَبُو حَدْرَدٍعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ حَدْرَدٍ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ وَأَبُو رَزِينٍ الْعُقَيْلِيُّ وَوَاثِلَةُ بْنُ الْأَسْقَعِ وَقَبِيصَةُ بْنُ ذُؤَيْبٍ وَعَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَمِقِ وَالْحَجَّاجُ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُكَيْمٍ وَالْأَغَرُّ الْجُهَنِيُّ وَالشَّرِيدُ بْنُ سُوَيْدٍ أَجْمَعِينَ فَقَدْ بَلَغَ عَدَدُ مَنْ رَوَى عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ ثَمَانِيَةً وَعِشْرِينَ رَجُلًا فَأَمَّا التَّابِعُونَ فَلَيْسَ فِيهِمْ أَجَلُّ وَلَا أَشْهُرُ وَأَشْرَفُ وَأَعْلَمُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَذِكْرُهُمْ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ يَطُولُ لِكَثْرَتِهِمْ وَاللَّهُ يَعْصِمُنَا مِنْ مُخَالَفَةِ رَسُولِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ وَالصَّحَابَةِ الْمُنْتَخَبِينَ وَأَئِمَّةِ الدِّينِ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ وَمَنْ بَعْدَهُمْ مِنْ أَئِمَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَجْمَعِينَ فِي أَمْرِ الْحَافِظِ عَلَيْنَا شَرَائِعَ الدِّينِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ »

  machine translationAbū Hurayrah said: I heard it from Sahl b. Saʿd al-Sāʿidī, who heard it from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Abū Bakr said: "His eagerness for knowledge moved him to hear a report that he had not heard from the Prophet ﷺ himself. Only those whose hearts Allah has blinded speak against Abū Hurayrah in order to reject his reports, so they do not understand the meanings of the reports. Either he is a Jahmī denier of the attributes (muʿaṭṭil), who hears his reports which they see as contrary to their doctrine, which is disbelief, so they insult Abū Hurayrah and accuse him of what Allah, the Exalted, has declared him free of, deceiving the herdsmen and the lowly into thinking that his reports are not valid as proof; or a Khārijī, who holds that the sword may be used against the nation of Muḥammad ﷺ and does not see obedience to a caliph or imam, who, when he hears the reports of Abū Hurayrah from the Prophet ﷺ contrary to their doctrine, which is misguidance, finds no way to reject his reports by proof and evidence, and his refuge is to attack Abū Hurayrah; or a Qadarī, who has withdrawn from Islam and its people and declared disbelief upon the people of Islam who follow the past decrees which Allah, the Exalted, decreed and ordained before the servants' earning of them, who, when he looks at the reports of Abū Hurayrah that he narrated from the Prophet ﷺ affirming the divine decree, finds no proof for the correctness of his statement, which is disbelief and polytheism, so his proof, in his own view, is that the reports of Abū Hurayrah may not be used as evidence; or an ignorant person who dabbles in jurisprudence and seeks it from the wrong sources, who, when he hears the reports of Abū Hurayrah that contradict the school of the one whose school and reports he has chosen by blind imitation without proof or evidence, speaks against Abū Hurayrah and rejects his reports that contradict his school, yet uses his reports as proof against his opponent when they agree with his school. Some of these groups have rejected reports of Abū Hurayrah whose meaning they did not understand. I will mention some of them, by the will of Allah ﷻ." Imam Abū Bakr, may Allah the Exalted have mercy on him, mentioned at this point the hadith of ʿĀʾishah which I mentioned earlier, and the hadith of Abū Hurayrah "A woman was punished because of a cat," and "Whoever is to pray after Friday prayer," and what contradicts it from the hadith of Ibn ʿUmar, and the ablution after eating what fire has touched. He mentioned them, and discussing them would be lengthy. Al-Ḥākim, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "I will mention here, by the will of Allah ﷻ, the narration of the greatest of the Companions, all of them, from Abū Hurayrah. Narrating from him were Zayd b. Thābit, Abū Ayyūb al-Anṣārī, ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAbbās, ʿAbdullāh b. ʿUmar, ʿAbdullāh b. al-Zubayr, Ubayy b. Kaʿb, Jābir b. ʿAbdillāh, ʿĀʾishah, al-Miswar b. Makhramah, ʿUqbah b. al-Ḥārith, Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī, Anas b. Mālik, al-Sāʾib b. Yazīd, Abū Rāfiʿ the freed slave of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, Abū Umāmah b. Sahl, Abū al-Ṭufayl, Abū Naḍrah al-Ghifārī, Abū Ruhm al-Ghifārī, Shaddād b. al-Hād, Abū Ḥadrad ʿAbdullāh b. Ḥadrad al-Aslamī, Abū Razīn al-ʿUqaylī, Wāthilah b. al-Asqaʿ, Qabīṣah b. Dhuʾayb, ʿAmr b. al-Ḥamiq, al-Ḥajjāj al-Aslamī, ʿAbdullāh b. ʿUkaym, al-Aghar al-Juhanī and al-Sharīd b. Suwayd, all of them. The number of the Companions who narrated from Abū Hurayrah has reached twenty-eight men. As for the Successors, none is more eminent, more famous, more noble or more knowledgeable than the students of Abū Hurayrah, and mentioning them here would be lengthy because of their number. May Allah protect us from opposing the Messenger of the Lord of the Worlds, the chosen Companions, the leaders of the religion among the Successors and those after them among the leaders of the Muslims, all of them, in the matter of the one who preserved for us the laws of the religion, Abū Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him." Report a problem

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Other narrations of this report

Sahih Muslim 2616aSunan an-Nasa'i 4116

Narrators

1. 1
   Sahl b. Saʿd al-Sāʿidī

   He and his father were Companions (ṣuḥbah).d. Abū Nuʿaym and more than one said: 88 AH. Al-Wāqidī and others said: 91 AH. Abū Ḥātim al-Rāzī said: he lived a hundred years or more, so on this basis he would have lived until the year 96 AH or after it
   سَهْلُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ السَّاعِدِيُّله ولأبيه صحبة
   سمعت
2. 2
   Abū Hurayrah al-Dawsī

   The illustrious Companion, the memorizer among the Companions (ḥāfiẓ al-ṣaḥābah)d. 57 AH, or: 58 AH, or: 59 AH
   أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَالصحابي الجليل ، حافظ الصحابة
   عن
3. 3
   Yaḥyá b. al-Naḍr al-Anṣārī

   trustworthy (thiqah)d. 130 AH
   أَبِيهِثقة .
   عن
4. 4
   Abū Bakr b. Yaḥyá b. al-Naḍr al-Sulamī

   unknown in condition (mastūr)
   أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ يَحْيَىمستور
   عن
5. 5
   Ḥātim b. Ismāʿīl

   His book is sound (ṣaḥīḥ al-kitāb), truthful (ṣadūq) but makes errors (yahim)d. 186 AH or 187 AH
   حَاتِمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَصحيح الكتاب ، صدوق يهم
   حدثنا
6. 6
   ʿUbays b. Marḥūm

   d. 217 AH
   عَلِيُّ ج٣ / ص٥١٣بْنُ مَرْحُومٍ الْعَطَّارُ
   حدثنا
7. 7
   Ibrāhīm b. al-Mustamirr al-ʿUrūqī

   truthful (ṣadūq) but narrates unfamiliar reports (yughrib)d. between 241 and 250 AH
   إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُسْتَمِرِّ الْبَصْرِيُّصدوق يغرب
   حدثنا
8. 8
   al-Ḥākim

   d. 403 AH, or 405 AH
   الحاكم

Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com

Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.