al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 3254
✧ Translation: Interpretation of Surah al-A'raf
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حَدَّثَنَا الْحَاكِمُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَافِظُ إِمْلَاءً فِي ذِي الْحِجَّةِ سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ وَتِسْعِينَ وَثَلَاثِ مِائَةٍ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أَنْبَأَ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ أَنْبَأَ الشَّافِعِيُّ أَخْبَرَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ ثنا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ قَالَ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَهُوَ يَقْرَأُ فِي الْمُصْحَفِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ بَصَرُهُ وَهُوَ يَبْكِي فَقُلْتُ مَا يُبْكِيكَ يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ جَعَلَنِي اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ؟ قَالَ فَقَالَ
هَلْ تَعْرِفُ أَيْلَةَ؟ قُلْتُ وَمَا أَيْلَةَ؟ قَالَ قَرْيَةٌ كَانَ بِهَا نَاسٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ فَحَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْحِيتَانِ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ فَكَانَتْ حِيتَانُهُمْ تَأْتِيهِمْ يَوْمَ سَبْتِهِمْ شُرَّعًا بَيْضَاءَ سِمَانَ كَأَمْثَالِ الْمَخَاضِ بَأَفْنِيَاتِهِمْ وَأَبْنِيَاتِِهِمْ فَإِذَا كَانَ فِي غَيْرِ يَوْمِ السَّبْتِ لَمْ يَجِدُوهَا وَلَمْ يُدْرِكُوهَا إِلَّا فِي مَشَقَّةٍ وَمَئُونَةٍ شَدِيدَةٍ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ أَوْ مَنْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلَّنَا لَوْ أَخَذْنَاهَا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ وَأَكَلْنَاهَا فِي غَيْرِ يَوْمِ السَّبْتِ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ مِنْهُمْ فَأَخَذُوا فَشَوَوْا فَوَجَدَ جِيرَانُهُمْ رِيحَ الشِّوَاءِ فَقَالُوا وَاللَّهِ مَا نََرََى أَصْحَابَ بَنِي فُلَانٍ شَيْءٌ فَأَخَذُوهَا آخَرُونَ حَتَّى فَشَا ذَلِكَ فِيهِمْ وَكَثُرَ فَافْتَرَقُوا فِرَقًا ثَلَاثًا فِرْقَةٌ أَكَلَتْ وَفِرْقَةٌ نَهَتْ وَفِرْقَةٌ قَالَتْ {لِمَ تَعِظُونَ قَوْمًا اللَّهُ مُهْلِكُهُمْ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُهُمْ} [الأعراف 164] عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا فَقَالَتِ الْفِرْقَةُ الَّتِي نَهَتْ إِنَّا نُحَذِّرُكُمْ غَضَبَ اللَّهِ وَعِقَابَهُ أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمْ بِخَسْفٍ أَوْ قَذْفٍ أَوْ بِبَعْضِ مَا عِنْدَهُ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ وَاللَّهِ لَا نُبَايِتُكُمْ فِي مَكَانٍ وَأَنْتُمْ فِيهِ وَخَرَجُوا مِنَ السُّورِ فَغَدَوْا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْغَدِ فَضَرَبُوا بَابَ السُّورِ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُمْ أَحَدٌ فَأَتَوْا بِسُلَّمٍ فَأَسْنَدُوهُ إِلَى السُّورِ ثُمَّ رَقِيَ مِنْهُمْ رَاقٍ عَلَى السُّورِ فَقَالَ يَا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ قِرَدَةٌ وَاللَّهِ لَهَا أَذْنَابٌ تَعَاوَى ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ مِنَ السُّورِ فَفَتَحَ السُّورَ فَدَخَلَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَعَرَفَتِ الْقِرَدَةُ أَنْسَابَهَا مِنَ الْإِنْسِ وَلَمْ تَعْرِفِ الْإِنْسُ أَنْسَابَهَا مِنَ الْقِرَدَةِ قَالَ فَيَأْتِي الْقَرَدُ إِلَى نَسِيبِهِ وَقَرِيبِهِ مِنَ الْإِنْسِ فَيَحْتَكُّ بِهِ وَيَلْصَقُ وَيَقُولُ الْإِنْسَانُ أَنْتَ فُلَانٌ؟ فَيُشِيرُ بِرَأْسِهِ أَيْ نَعَمْ وَيَبْكِي وَتَأْتِي الْقِرَدَةُ إِلَى نَسِيبِهَا وَقَرِيبِهَا مِنَ الْإِنْسِ فَيَقُولُ لَهَا أَنْتِ فُلَانَةٌ؟ فَتُشِيرُ بِرَأْسِهَا أَيْ نَعَمْ وَتَبْكِي فَيَقُولُ لَهُمُ الْإِنْسُ أَمَا إِنَّا حَذَّرْنَاكُمْ غَضَبَ اللَّهِ وَعِقَابَهُ أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمْ بِخَسْفٍ أَوْ مَسْخٍ أَوْ بِبَعْضِ مَا عِنْدَهُ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَاسْمَعِ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ «فَأَنْجَيْنَا الَّذِينَ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ السُّوءِ وَأَخَذْنَا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا بِعَذَابٍ بَئِيسٍ بِمَا كَانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ» فَلَا أَدْرِي مَا فَعَلَتِ الْفُرْقَةُ الثَّالِثَةُ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَكَمْ قَدْ رَأَيْنَا مِنْ مُنْكَرٍ فَلَمْ نَنْهَ عَنْهُ قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ فَقُلْتُ مَا تَرَى جَعَلَنِي اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ؟ إِنَّهُمْ قَدْ أَنْكَرُوا وَكَرِهُوا حِينَ قَالُوا لِمَ تَعِظُونَ قَوْمًا اللَّهُ مُهْلِكُهُمْ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا؟ فَأَعْجَبَهُ قُولِي ذَلِكَ وَأَمَرَ لِي بِبُرْدَيْنِ غَلِيظَيْنِ فَكَسَانِيهُمَا
Translation
Chain of narrators
- al-Ḥākim Abū ʿAbdullāh Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ Imlāʾ Fī Dhī al-Ḥijjah Sanah Tisʿ And Tisʿīn Wathalāth Miāʾah
- Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb Anbaʾ al-Rabīʿ b. Sulaymān Anbaʾ al-Shāfiʿī
- Yaḥyá b. Sulaym
- Ibn Jurayj
- ʿIkrimah
- Dakhalt
- Ibn ʿAbbās Wahū Yaqraʾ Fī al-Muṣḥaf Qabl
- Yadhhab Baṣaruh Wahū Yabkī
- Mā Yubkīk Yā Ibn ʿAbbās Jaʿalanī Allāh Fidāk
✧ "Do you know Aylah?" I said, "What is Aylah?" He said, "A village where some Jews lived. Allah forbade them fish on the Sabbath. Their fish used to come to them on their Sabbath, appearing at the surface—white, fat, like pregnant camels—near their courtyards and buildings. On other than the Sabbath, they could not find them or catch them except with hardship and great effort. Some of them said to others, or whoever among them said it: 'Perhaps if we caught them on the Sabbath and ate them on another day...' A household among them did that. They caught fish and grilled them. Their neighbors smelled the aroma of grilling and said, 'By Allah, we do not think the people of Banu So-and-so are doing anything.' Then others caught them, until the practice spread among them and became widespread. They split into three groups: a group that ate, a group that forbade, and a group that said: {Why do you admonish a people whom Allah will destroy or punish with a severe punishment?} [Al-A'raf 164]. The group that forbade said: 'We warn you of Allah's anger and His punishment—that He may strike you with a sinking of the earth, a pelting from the sky, or some of the punishment He has. By Allah, we will not stay overnight in a place where you are.' They left the walled town. The next morning, they went to the gate of the town and knocked, but no one answered. They brought a ladder, leaned it against the wall, and one of them climbed up. He said, 'O servants of Allah! Monkeys, by Allah, with tails, howling!' He said it three times, then descended from the wall and opened the gate. The people entered upon them. The monkeys recognized their human relatives, but the humans did not recognize their monkey relatives. A monkey would come to its human relative or kinsman, rub against him, and cling to him. The human would say, 'Are you So-and-so?' The monkey would nod its head, meaning yes, and weep. A female monkey would come to her human relative or kinswoman, and the human would say, 'Are you So-and-so?' She would nod her head, meaning yes, and weep. Then the humans said to them, 'We warned you of Allah's anger and His punishment—that He may strike you with a sinking of the earth, a metamorphosis, or some of the punishment He has.'" Ibn Abbas said: "Listen to what Allah says: 'We saved those who forbade evil and seized those who did wrong with a dreadful punishment because they were defiantly disobeying.' I do not know what happened to the third group." Ibn Abbas said: "How many evil deeds have we seen and not forbidden?" Ikrimah said: I said, "What do you think, may Allah make me your ransom? They did disapprove and dislike it when they said: 'Why do you admonish a people whom Allah will destroy or punish with a severe punishment?'" My words pleased him, and he ordered two thick cloaks for me and clothed me with them.
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