45. Hunting
أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا بِأَرْضٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ كِتَابٍ نَأْكُلُ فِي آنِيَتِهِمْ وَإِنَّ أَرْضَنَا أَرْضُ صَيْدٍ أَصِيدُ بِقَوْسِي وَبِالْكَلْبِ الْمُكَلَّبِ وَبِالْكَلْبِ الَّذِي لَيْسَ بِمُكَلَّبٍ فَأَخْبِرْنِي مَاذَا يَحِلُّ لَنَا مِمَّا يَحْرُمُ عَلَيَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتَ أَنَّكُمْ بِأَرْضِ أَهْلِ كِتَابٍ تَأْكُلُونَ فِي آنِيَتِهِمْ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُمْ غَيْرَ آنِيَتِهِمْ فَلَا تَأْكُلُوا فِيهَا وَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدُوا غَيْرَ آنِيَتِهِمْ فَاغْسِلُوهَا وَكُلُوا فِيهَا وَأَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتَ مِنَ الصَّيْدِ فَمَا صِدْتَ بِقَوْسِكَ فَكُلْ مِنْهُ وَاذْكُرِ اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَأَمَّا مَا أَصَابَ كَلْبُكَ الْمُكَلَّبُ فَكُلْ مِمَّا أَمْسَكَ عَلَيْكَ وَاذْكُرِ اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَأَمَّا مَا أَصَابَ كَلْبُكَ الَّذِي لَيْسَ بِمُكَلَّبٍ فَإِنْ أَدْرَكْتَ ذَكَاتَهُ فَكُلْ وَمَا لَمْ تُدْرِكْ ذَكَاتَهُ فَلَا تَأْكُلْ»
✧ I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: "O Messenger of Allah, we are in a land of the People of the Book, and we eat in their vessels. Our land is a land of game: I hunt with my bow, with a trained dog, and with a dog that is not trained. Tell me what is lawful for us from that which is forbidden to me?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "As for what you mentioned that you are in a land of the People of the Book and you eat in their vessels, if you find vessels other than theirs, do not eat in them; but if you do not find vessels other than theirs, wash them and eat in them. As for what you mentioned about game, whatever you hunt with your bow, eat of it and mention the name of Allah over it. As for what your trained dog catches, eat of what it holds for you, and mention the name of Allah over it. As for what your untrained dog catches, if you reach it while it is still alive, slaughter it and eat; if you do not reach it while it is alive, do not eat."
Sahih Ibn Hibban 5880No grade recorded
أَنَّ عَدِيَّ بْنَ حَاتِمٍ سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَرْمِي بِسَهْمِي فَأُصِيبُ فَلَا أَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا بَعْدَ يَوْمٍ أَوِ اثْنَيْنِ قَالَ «إِنْ قَدَرْتَ عَلَيْهِ وَلَيْسَ بِهِ أَثَرٌ وَلَا خَدْشٌ إِلَّا رَمْيَتُكَ فَكُلْ وَإِنْ وَجَدْتَ بِهِ أَثَرًا غَيْرَ رَمْيَتِكَ فَلَا تَأْكُلْهُ وَإِنْ أَرْسَلْتَ كَلْبَكَ وَذَكَرْتَ اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فَأَدْرَكْتَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ فَذَكِّهِ وَإِنْ أَدْرَكْتَهُ قَدْ قَتَلَهُ وَلَمْ يَأْكُلْ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا فَكُلْهُ وَإِنْ أَدْرَكْتَهُ وَقَدْ أَكَلَ مِنْهُ فَلَا تَأْكُلْ فَإِنَّهُ إِنَّمَا أَمْسَكَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ» قَالَ عَدِيٌّ فَإِنِّي أُرْسِلُ كِلَابِي وَأَذْكُرُ اسْمَ اللَّهِ فَتَخْتَلِطُ بِكِلَابِ غَيْرِي فَيَأْخُذْنَ الصَّيْدَ فَيَقْتُلْنَهُ قَالَ «فَلَا تَأْكُلْ فَإِنَّكَ لَا تَدْرِي كِلَابُكَ قَتَلَتْهُ أَمْ كِلَابُ غَيْرِكَ»
✧ Adi b. Hatim asked the Prophet ﷺ: "I shoot my arrow and hit [the game], but I cannot get to it except after a day or two." He said: "If you find it with no mark or scratch except that of your arrow, eat it. If you find a mark other than that of your arrow, do not eat it. If you send your dog and mention the name of Allah over it, and you reach [the game] before it kills it, slaughter it. If you reach it after it has killed it and has not eaten any of it, eat it. If you reach it and it has eaten from it, do not eat, for it has held it only for itself." Adi said: "I send my dogs and mention the name of Allah, and they mix with dogs of others, and they take the game and kill it." He said: "Do not eat, for you do not know whether your dogs killed it or the dogs of others."
قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أُرْسِلُ الْكِلَابَ الْمُعَلَّمَةَ فَيُمْسِكْنَ عَلَيَّ وَأَذْكُرُ اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ «إِذَا أَرْسَلْتَ كَلْبَكَ الْمُعَلِّمَ وَذَكَرْتَ اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فَكُلْ» قُلْتُ وَإِنْ قَتَلْنَ؟ قَالَ «وَإِنْ قَتَلْنَ مَا لَمْ يَشْرَكْهَا كَلْبٌ لَيْسَ مَعَهَا» قُلْتُ لَهُ فَإِنِّي أَرْمِي بِالْمِعْرَاضِ الصَّيْدَ فَأُصِيبُ قَالَ «إِذَا رَمَيْتَ بِالْمِعْرَاضِ فَخَزَقَ فَكُلْهُ وَإِنْ أَصَابَهُ بِعَرْضِهِ فَلَا تَأْكُلْهُ»
✧ I said: O Messenger of Allah, I send trained dogs and they catch game for me, and I mention Allah's name over it. He said: "If you send your trained dog and mention Allah's name over it, then eat." I said: Even if they kill it? He said: "Even if they kill it, as long as no other dog shares it with them." I said to him: I shoot game with a mi'rad and hit it. He said: "If you shoot with a mi'rad and it pierces, then eat it; but if it is struck by its side, then do not eat it."
نَصَبْتُ حَبَائِلَ لِي بِالْأَبْوَاءِ فَوَقَعَ فِي حَبْلِي مِنْهَا ظَبْيٌ فَأَفْلَتَ بِهِ فَخَرَجْتُ فِي إِثْرِهِ فَوَجَدْتُ رَجُلًا قَدْ أَخَذَهُ فَتَنَازَعْنَا فِيهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَوَجَدْنَاهُ نَازِلًا بِالْأَبْوَاءِ تَحْتَ شَجَرَةٍ يَسْتَظِلُّ بِنِطَعٍ فَاخْتَصَمْنَا إِلَيْهِ فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَيْنَنَا شَطْرَيْنَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ نَلْقَى الْإِبِلَ وَبِهَا لَبُونٌ وَهِيَ مُصَرَّاةٌ وَهُمْ مُحْتَاجُونَ قَالَ «فَنَادِ صَاحِبَ الْإِبِلِ ثَلَاثًا فَإِنْ جَاءَ وَإِلَّا فَاحْلُلْ صِرَارَهَا ثُمَّ اشْرَبْ ثُمَّ صُرَّ وَأَبْقِ لِلَّبَنِ دَوَاعِيَهُ» قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ الضَّوَالُّ تَرِدُ عَلَيْنَا هَلْ لَنَا أَجْرٌ أَنْ نَسْقِيَهَا؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ فِي كُلِّ ذَاتِ كَبِدٍ حَرَّى أَجْرٌ» ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُحَدِّثُنَا قَالَ «سَيَأْتِي عَلَى النَّاسِ زَمَانٌ خَيْرُ الْمَالِ فِيهِ غَنَمٌ بَيْنَ الْمَسْجِدَيْنِ تَأْكُلُ مِنَ الشَّجَرِ وَتَرِدُ الْمَاءَ يَأْكُلُ صَاحِبُهَا مِنْ رِسْلِهَا وَيَشْرَبُ مِنْ لِبَانِهَا وَيَلْبسُ مِنْ أَصْوَافَهَا» أَوْ قَالَ «مِنَ أَشْعَارِهَا وَالْفِتَنُ تَرْتَكِسُ بَيْنَ جَرَاثِيمِ الْعَرَبِ وَاللَّهِ» قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَوْصِنِي قَالَ «أَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ وَآتِ الزَّكَاةَ وَصُمْ رَمَضَانَ وَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ وَاعْتَمِرْ وَبِرَّ وَالِدَيْكَ وَصِلْ رَحِمَكَ وَاقْرِ الضَّيْفَ وَمُرْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَانْهَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَزُلْ مَعَ الْحَقِّ حَيْثُ زَالَ»
✧ I set up my snares at al-Abwa', and a gazelle fell into one of my snares and escaped with it. I went out in its pursuit and found a man who had taken it. We disputed about it before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and found him staying at al-Abwa' under a tree, shading himself with a leather mat. We brought our case to him, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ judged between us that it be divided in halves. I said: O Messenger of Allah, we come across camels that are milked and are kept from their calves while their owners are in need. He said: "Call the owner of the camels three times; if he comes, then fine; otherwise, untie their udder strings, then drink, then tie them again, and leave for the milk its natural draw." I said: O Messenger of Allah, lost animals come to us; is there a reward for us if we give them water? He said: "Yes, in every living being there is a reward." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ began to tell us, saying: "A time will come upon people when the best wealth will be sheep between the two mosques, eating from the trees and coming to water; their owner will eat from their milk, drink from their milk, and wear from their wool" or he said "from their hair, while trials will be churning among the masses of the Arabs, by Allah." I said: O Messenger of Allah, advise me. He said: "Establish the prayer, give the zakat, fast Ramadan, perform Hajj to the House, perform 'umrah, be dutiful to your parents, maintain your kinship ties, honor the guest, enjoin what is right, forbid what is wrong, and move with the truth wherever it moves."