35. Salam (Sales in which a Price is paid for Goods to be Delivered)
Sahih al-Bukhari 2239In al-Bukhari or Muslim
قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَالنَّاسُ يُسْلِفُونَ فِي الثَّمَرِ الْعَامَ وَالْعَامَيْنِ أَوْ قَالَ عَامَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلاَثَةً شَكَّ إِسْمَاعِيلُ فَقَالَ مَنْ سَلَّفَ فِي تَمْرٍ فَلْيُسْلِفْ فِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَوَزْنٍ مَعْلُومٍ
Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to Medina and the people used to pay in advance the price of fruits to be delivered within one or two years. (The sub-narrator is in doubt whether it was one to two years or two to three years.) The Prophet ﷺ said, "Whoever pays money in advance for dates (to be delivered later) should pay it for known specified weight and measure (of the dates).
Sahih al-Bukhari 2239bIn al-Bukhari or Muslim
عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ بِهَذَا فِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَوَزْنٍ مَعْلُومٍ
as above, mentioning only specific measure.
Sahih al-Bukhari 2240In al-Bukhari or Muslim
قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَهُمْ يُسْلِفُونَ بِالتَّمْرِ السَّنَتَيْنِ وَالثَّلاَثَ فَقَالَ مَنْ أَسْلَفَ فِي شَىْءٍ فَفِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَوَزْنٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ
The Prophet ﷺ came to Medina and the people used to pay in advance the price of dates to be delivered within two or three years. He said (to them), "Whoever pays in advance the price of a thing to be delivered later should pay it for a specified measure at specified weight for a specified period."
Sahih al-Bukhari 2240bIn al-Bukhari or Muslim
وَقَالَ فَلْيُسْلِفْ فِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ
as above, saying, "He should pay the price in advance for a specified measure and for a specified period."
Sahih al-Bukhari 2241In al-Bukhari or Muslim
قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَقَالَ فِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَوَزْنٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ
The Prophet ﷺ came (to Medina) and he told the people (regarding the payment of money in advance that they should pay it) for a known specified measure and a known specified weight and a known specified period.
Sahih al-Bukhari 2242In al-Bukhari or Muslim
اخْتَلَفَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ شَدَّادِ بْنِ الْهَادِ وَأَبُو بُرْدَةَ فِي السَّلَفِ فَبَعَثُونِي إِلَى ابْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى ؓ فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّا كُنَّا نُسْلِفُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ فِي الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ وَالتَّمْرِ وَسَأَلْتُ ابْنَ أَبْزَى فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ
Muhammad or ʿAbdullah bin Abu Al-Mujalid said, "Abdullah bin Shaddad and Abu Burda differed regarding As-Salam, so they sent me to Ibn Abi ʿAufa and I asked him about it. He replied, 'In the lifetime of Messenger of Allah ﷺ, Abu Bakr and ʿUmar, we used to pay in advance the prices of wheat, barley, dried grapes and dates to be delivered later. I also asked Ibn Abza and he, too, replied as above.' "
Sahih al-Bukhari 2244In al-Bukhari or Muslim
بَعَثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ شَدَّادٍ وَأَبُو بُرْدَةَ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى ؓ فَقَالاَ سَلْهُ هَلْ كَانَ أَصْحَابُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يُسْلِفُونَ فِي الْحِنْطَةِ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ كُنَّا نُسْلِفُ نَبِيطَ أَهْلِ الشَّأْمِ فِي الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالزَّيْتِ فِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ قُلْتُ إِلَى مَنْ كَانَ أَصْلُهُ عِنْدَهُ قَالَ مَا كُنَّا نَسْأَلُهُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ بَعَثَانِي إِلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبْزَى فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ كَانَ أَصْحَابُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يُسْلِفُونَ عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَلَمْ نَسْأَلْهُمْ أَلَهُمْ حَرْثٌ أَمْ لاَ
ʿAbdullah bin Shaddad and Abu Burda sent me to ʿAbdullah bin Abi ʿAufa and told me to ask ʿAbdullah whether the people in the lifetime of the Prophet ﷺ used to pay in advance for wheat (to be delivered later). ʿAbdullah replied, "We used to pay in advance to the peasants of Sham for wheat, barley and olive oil of a known specified measure to be delivered in a specified period." I asked (him), "Was the price paid (in advance) to those who had the things to be delivered later?" ʿAbdullah bin ʿAufa replied, "We did not use to ask them about that." Then they sent me to ʿAbdur Rahman bin Abza and I asked him. He replied, "The companions of the Prophet ﷺ used to practice Salam in the lifetime of the Prophet; and we did not use to ask them whether they had standing crops or not."
Sahih al-Bukhari 2245In al-Bukhari or Muslim
وَقَالَ فِي الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ
as above (446) and said, "We used to pay them in advance for wheat and barley (to be delivered later). Narrated Ash-Shaibani--"And also for oil." Narrated Ash-Shaibani: who said "We used to pay in advance for wheat barley and dried grapes."
Sahih al-Bukhari 2246In al-Bukhari or Muslim
نَهَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ النَّخْلِ حَتَّى يُؤْكَلَ مِنْهُ وَحَتَّى يُوزَنَ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ وَأَىُّ شَىْءٍ يُوزَنُ قَالَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ حَتَّى يُحْرَزَ وَقَالَ مُعَاذٌ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ عَمْرٍو قَالَ أَبُو الْبَخْتَرِيِّ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ نَهَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِثْلَهُ
I asked Ibn ʿAbbas about Salam for (the fruits of) date-palms. He replied "The Prophet ﷺ forbade the sale a dates on the trees till they became fit for eating and could be weighed." A man asked what to be weighed (as the dates were still on the trees). Another man sitting beside Ibn ʿAbbas replied, "Till they are cut and stored." Narrated Abu Al-Bakhtari: I heard Ibn ʿAbbas (saying) that the Prophet ﷺ forbade... etc. as above.
Sahih al-Bukhari 2247In al-Bukhari or Muslim
نَهَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ النَّخْلِ حَتَّى يُؤْكَلَ مِنْهُ أَوْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْهُ وَحَتَّى يُوزَنَ
I asked Ibn ʿUmar about Salam (the fruits of) date-palms. He replied, "The Prophet ﷺ forbade the sale of dates till their benefit becomes evident and fit for eating and also the sale of silver (for gold) on credit." I asked Ibn ʿAbbas about Salam for dates and he replied, "The Prophet ﷺ forbade the sale of dates till they were fit for eating and could be estimated."
Sahih al-Bukhari 2249In al-Bukhari or Muslim
نَهَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ حَتَّى يَصْلُحَ وَنَهَى عَنِ الْوَرِقِ بِالذَّهَبِ نَسَاءً بِنَاجِزٍ وَسَأَلْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ نَهَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ النَّخْلِ حَتَّى يَأْكُلَ أَوْ يُؤْكَلَ وَحَتَّى يُوزَنَ قُلْتُ وَمَا يُوزَنُ قَالَ رَجُلٌ عِنْدَهُ حَتَّى يُحْرَزَ
I asked Ibn ʿUmar about Salam for dates. Ibn ʿUmar replied, "The Prophet ﷺ forbade the sale (the fruits) of date-palms until they were fit for eating and also forbade the sale of silver for gold on credit." I also asked Ibn ʿAbbas about it. Ibn ʿAbbas replied, "The Prophet ﷺ forbade the sale of dates till they were fit for eating, and could be weighed." I asked him, "What is to be weighed (as the dates are on the trees)?" A man sitting by Ibn ʿAbbas said, "It means till they are cut and stored."
Sahih al-Bukhari 2251In al-Bukhari or Muslim
اشْتَرَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ طَعَامًا مِنْ يَهُودِيٍّ بِنَسِيئَةٍ وَرَهَنَهُ دِرْعًا لَهُ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ
Messenger of Allah ﷺ bought some foodstuff (barley) from a Jew on credit and mortgaged his iron armor to him (the armor stands for a guarantor).
Sahih al-Bukhari 2252In al-Bukhari or Muslim
تَذَاكَرْنَا عِنْدَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الرَّهْنَ فِي السَّلَفِ فَقَالَ حَدَّثَنِي الأَسْوَدُ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ اشْتَرَى مِنْ يَهُودِيٍّ طَعَامًا إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَارْتَهَنَ مِنْهُ دِرْعًا مِنْ حَدِيدٍ
We argued at Ibrahim's dwelling place about mortgaging in Salam. He said, "Aisha said, 'The Prophet ﷺ bought some foodstuff from a Jew on credit and the payment was to be made by a definite period, and he mortgaged his iron armor to him."
Sahih al-Bukhari 2253In al-Bukhari or Muslim
قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَهُمْ يُسْلِفُونَ فِي الثِّمَارِ السَّنَتَيْنِ وَالثَّلاَثَ فَقَالَ أَسْلِفُوا فِي الثِّمَارِ فِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ
The Prophet ﷺ came to Medina and the people used to pay in advance the prices of fruits to be delivered within two to three years. The Prophet ﷺ said (to them), "Buy fruits by paying their prices in advance on condition that the fruits are to be delivered to you according to a fixed specified measure within a fixed specified period." Ibn Najih said, "... by specified measure and specified weight."
Sahih al-Bukhari 2254In al-Bukhari or Muslim
أَرْسَلَنِي أَبُو بُرْدَةَ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ شَدَّادٍ إِلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبْزَى وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى فَسَأَلْتُهُمَا عَنِ السَّلَفِ فَقَالاَ كُنَّا نُصِيبُ الْمَغَانِمَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَكَانَ يَأْتِينَا أَنْبَاطٌ مِنْ أَنْبَاطِ الشَّأْمِ فَنُسْلِفُهُمْ فِي الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى قَالَ قُلْتُ أَكَانَ لَهُمْ زَرْعٌ أَوْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ زَرْعٌ قَالاَ مَا كُنَّا نَسْأَلُهُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ
Abu Burda and ʿAbdullah bin Shaddad sent me to ʿAbdur Rahman bin Abza and ʿAbdullah bin Abi ʿAufa to ask them about the Salaf (Salam). They said, "We used to get war booty while we were with Messenger of Allah ﷺ and when the peasants of Sham came to us we used to pay them in advance for wheat, barley, and oil to be delivered within a fixed period." I asked them, "Did the peasants own standing crops or not?" They replied, "We never asked them about it."
Sahih al-Bukhari 2256In al-Bukhari or Muslim
كَانُوا يَتَبَايَعُونَ الْجَزُورَ إِلَى حَبَلِ الْحَبَلَةِ فَنَهَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنْهُ
The people used to sell camels on the basis of Habal-al-Habala. The Prophet ﷺ forbade such sale. Nafiʿ explained Habal-al-Habala by saying. "The camel is to be delivered to the buyer after the she-camel gives birth."
Sahih al-Bukhari 2243In al-Bukhari or Muslim
اخْتَلَفَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ شَدَّادِ بْنِ الْهَادِ وَأَبُو بُرْدَةَ فِي السَّلَفِ، فَبَعَثُونِي إِلَى ابْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى ـ رضى الله عنه ـ فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّا كُنَّا نُسْلِفُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ، فِي الْحِنْطَةِ، وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ، وَالتَّمْرِ. وَسَأَلْتُ ابْنَ أَبْزَى فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ.
Narrated Shu`ba:Muhammad or `Abdullah bin Abu Al-Mujalid said, "Abdullah bin Shaddad and Abu Burda differed regarding As-Salam, so they sent me to Ibn Abi `Aufa and I asked him about it. He replied, 'In the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), Abu Bakr and `Umar, we used to pay in advance the prices of wheat, barley, dried grapes and dates to be delivered later. I also asked Ibn Abza and he, too, replied as above
Sahih al-Bukhari 2248In al-Bukhari or Muslim
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ، قَالَ سَأَلْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ عَنِ السَّلَمِ، فِي النَّخْلِ فَقَالَ نُهِيَ عَنْ بَيْعِ النَّخْلِ، حَتَّى يَصْلُحَ، وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْوَرِقِ، نَسَاءً بِنَاجِزٍ. وَسَأَلْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ السَّلَمِ، فِي النَّخْلِ، فَقَالَ نَهَى النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ بَيْعِ النَّخْلِ حَتَّى يُؤْكَلَ مِنْهُ، أَوْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْهُ، وَحَتَّى يُوزَنَ.
Narrated Abu Al-Bakhtari:I asked Ibn `Umar about Salam (the fruits of) date-palms. He replied, "The Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the sale of dates till their benefit becomes evident and fit for eating and also the sale of silver (for gold) on credit." I asked Ibn `Abbas about Salam for dates and he replied, "The Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the sale of dates till they were fit for eating and could be estimated
Sahih al-Bukhari 2250In al-Bukhari or Muslim
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا غُنْدَرٌ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ، سَأَلْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ عَنِ السَّلَمِ، فِي النَّخْلِ فَقَالَ نَهَى النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ حَتَّى يَصْلُحَ، وَنَهَى عَنِ الْوَرِقِ بِالذَّهَبِ نَسَاءً بِنَاجِزٍ. وَسَأَلْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ نَهَى النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ بَيْعِ النَّخْلِ حَتَّى يَأْكُلَ أَوْ يُؤْكَلَ، وَحَتَّى يُوزَنَ. قُلْتُ وَمَا يُوزَنُ قَالَ رَجُلٌ عِنْدَهُ حَتَّى يُحْرَزَ.
Narrated Abu Al-Bakhtari:I asked Ibn `Umar about Salam for dates. Ibn `Umar replied, "The Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the sale (of the fruits) of date-palms until they were fit for eating and also forbade the sale of silver for gold on credit." I also asked Ibn `Abbas about it. Ibn `Abbas replied, "The Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the sale of dates till they were fit for eating, and could be weighed." I asked him, "What is to be weighed (as the dates are on the trees)?" A man sitting by Ibn `Abbas said, "It means till they are cut and stored
Sahih al-Bukhari 2255In al-Bukhari or Muslim
أَرْسَلَنِي أَبُو بُرْدَةَ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ شَدَّادٍ إِلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبْزَى وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى فَسَأَلْتُهُمَا عَنِ السَّلَفِ،. فَقَالاَ كُنَّا نُصِيبُ الْمَغَانِمَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَكَانَ يَأْتِينَا أَنْبَاطٌ مِنْ أَنْبَاطِ الشَّأْمِ فَنُسْلِفُهُمْ فِي الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى. قَالَ قُلْتُ أَكَانَ لَهُمْ زَرْعٌ، أَوْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ زَرْعٌ قَالاَ مَا كُنَّا نَسْأَلُهُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ.
Narrated Muhammad bin Abi Al-Mujalid:Abu Burda and `Abdullah bin Shaddad sent me to `Abdur Rahman bin Abza and `Abdullah bin Abi `Aufa to ask them about the Salaf (Salam). They said, "We used to get war booty while we were with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and when the peasants of Sham came to us we used to pay them in advance for wheat, barley, and oil to be delivered within a fixed period." I asked them, "Did the peasants own standing crops or not?" They replied, "We never asked them about it