al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 8405
✧ The elderly man who cannot fast but can afford expiation may break the fast and feed
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( أَخْبَرَنَا ) أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَنْبَأَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، ثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثَنَا آدَمُ بْنُ أَبِي إِيَاسٍ، ثَنَا وَرْقَاءُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ
فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَعَلَى الَّذِينَ يُطِيقُونَهُ يَعْنِي: يَتَكَلَّفُونَهُ وَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَهُ طَعَامُ مِسْكِينٍ فَمَنْ تَطَوَّعَ خَيْرًا فَأَطْعَمَ مِسْكِينًا آخَرَ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَهُ: وَلَيْسَتْ مَنْسُوخَةً، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: وَلَمْ يُرَخَّصْ فِي هَذَا إِلَّا لِلشَّيْخِ الْكَبِيرِ الَّذِي لَا يُطِيقُ الصِّيَامَ، وَالْمَرِيضِ الَّذِي عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ لَا يُشْفَى
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ Anbaʾ ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. al-Ḥasan al-Qāḍī
- Ibrāhīm b. al-Ḥusayn
- Ādam b. Abū Iyās
- And Rqāʾ
- Ibn Abū Najīḥ
- ʿAṭāʾ
- Ibn ʿAbbās
Machine translation, not reviewed
Concerning His statement: {And upon those who are able to fast it} meaning: those who take it on with hardship and are not truly capable of it, {is a ransom: the feeding of a poor person. And whoever volunteers good, then he feeds another poor person, it is better for him}: and it is not abrogated. Ibn ʿAbbās said: No concession was granted in this except for the very old man who is unable to fast, and the sick person who knows that he will not be cured.
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Narrators
- One of the Companions who narrated most prolifically (mukthirūn).d. 65 AH, or 67 AH, or 68 AH, also said: 69 AH, also said: 70 AH; also said: 73 AHعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍأحد المكثرين من الصحابةعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a jurist (faqīh), virtuous, but he often narrated with omission of the Companion (irsāl); it is said that he changed (taghayyara) at the end of his life, though this was not frequent in himd. 112 AH, or 114 AH, or 115 AH, or 116 AH, or 117 AHعَطَاءٍثقة فقيه ، فاضل لكنه كثير الإرسال ، وقيل : إنه تغير بآخره ، ولم يكثر ذلك منهعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), accused of belief in qadar (free will), and sometimes committed tadlīs (obscuring the source of a report)d. 131 AH, or 132 AHابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍثقة رمي بالقدر وربما دلسعن
- truthful (ṣadūq), there is softness in his hadith from Manṣūrd. between 161 and 170 AHوَرْقَاءُصدوق ، في حديثه عن منصور لينحدثنا
- trustworthy (thiqah), devout (ʿābid)d. 220 AH, also said: 221 AHآدَمُ بْنُ أَبِي إِيَاسٍثقة عابدحدثنا
- d. 281 AHإِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِحدثنا
- d. 352 AHعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِيأنبأ
- d. 403 AH, or 405 AHأَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُأخبرنا
- d. 458 AHالبيهقي
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.