al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 8327
✧ One Who Said: His Guardian Fasts on His Behalf
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وَرَوَاهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ: جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي وَحْشِيَّةَ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ نَصًّا فِي جَوَازِ الصَّوْمِ عَنْهَا. ( أَخْبَرَنَاهُ ) أَبُو الْحَسَنِ: عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أَنْبَأَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، ثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي وَحْشِيَّةَ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ:
أَنَّ امْرَأَةً نَذَرَتْ وَهِيَ فِي الْبَحْرِ إِنْ نَجَّاهَا اللهُ أَنْ تَصُومَ شَهْرًا فَأَنْجَاهَا اللهُ، وَمَاتَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَصُومَ، فَجَاءَتْ ذَاتُ قَرَابَةٍ لَهَا - إِمَّا أُخْتُهَا أَوِ ابْنَتُهَا - إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ فَقَالَ: صُومِي عَنْهَا
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū Bishr Jaʿfar b. Abū and Ḥshiyyah
- Saʿīd Naṣ Fī Jawāz al-Ṣawm ʿAnhā
- Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī b. Aḥmad b. ʿAbdān Anbaʾ Aḥmad b. ʿUbayd al-Ṣaffār
- Ismāʿīl b. Isḥāq
- Sulaymān b. Ḥarb
- Ḥammād b. Salamah
- Jaʿfar b. Abū Waḥshiyyah
- Saʿīd b. Jubayr
- Ibn ʿAbbās
Machine translation, not reviewed
A woman made a vow while she was at sea that if God saved her, she would fast for a month. God saved her, but she died before she had fasted. Then a female relative of hers, either her sister or her daughter, came to the Messenger of God ﷺ and informed him. He said: "Fast on her behalf."
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What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Zarqānī
قد أعل حديث ابن عباس بالاضطراب ففي رواية أن السائل امرأة أن أمها ماتت وعليها صوم شهر وفي أخرى وعليها خمسة عشر يوما وأخرى أن أختي ماتت وعليها صوم شهرين متتابعين وأخرى قال رجل ماتت أمي وعليها صوم شهر ولكن أجيب بأنه ليس اضطرابا وإنما هو اختلاف يحمل على اختلاف الوقائع لكنه بعيد لاتحاد المخرج فالروايات كلها عن ابن عباس
machine translationThe ḥadīth of Ibn ʿAbbās has been faulted for inconsistency (iḍṭirāb). In one narration the questioner is a woman whose mother died owing a month of fasting; in another, she owed fifteen days; in another, "my sister died owing two consecutive months of fasting"; and in another, a man said, "My mother died owing a month of fasting." But it is answered that this is not inconsistency, but rather a difference to be understood as reflecting different incidents. Yet this is unlikely, because the source of transmission is one, since all the narrations are from Ibn ʿAbbās.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 8327
Other narrations of this report
Narrators
- One of the Companions who narrated most prolifically (mukthirūn).d. 65 AH, or 67 AH, or 68 AH, also said: 69 AH, also said: 70 AH; also said: 73 AHعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍأحد المكثرين من الصحابةعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), firmly reliable (thabt), a jurist (faqīh); his narration from ʿĀʾishah, Abū Mūsā and the like is mursald. 95 AH, from al-Fallās: 94 AHسَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍثقة ثبت فقيه ، وروايته عن عائشة وأبي موسى ونحوهما مرسلةعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), among the most reliable of people in narrating from Saʿīd b. Jubayrd. 123 AH or 124 AH or 125 AH or 126 AH, also said: 131 AHجَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي وَحْشِيَّةَثقة ، من أثبت الناس في سعيد بن جبيرعن
- trustworthy (thiqah), devout (ʿābid), the most reliable of people in narrating from Thābit; his memory changed towards the end of his lifed. 167 AH, or 165 AH.حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَثقه عابد ، أثبت الناس في ثابت ، وتغير حفظه بآخرهحدثنا
- Trustworthy (thiqah), an imam, a memorizer (ḥāfiẓ).d. 222 AH, 223 AH, or 224 AH, also said 227 AHسُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍثقة إمام حافظحدثنا
- d. the end of 282 AH or the beginning of 283 AHإِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَحدثنا
- d. around 350 AHأَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُأنبأ
- d. 415 AHأَبُو الْحَسَنِ : عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَأخبرنا
- d. 458 AHالبيهقي
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.