al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 8323
✧ One Who Said: His Guardian Fasts on His Behalf
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وَرَوَاهُ أَبُو خَالِدٍ الْأَحْمَرُ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ. ( كَمَا أَخْبَرَنَا ) أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ: عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ بِبَغْدَادَ، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ: دَعْلَجُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، ثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْجَارُودِ، ثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، ثَنَا أَبُو خَالِدٍ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ وَمُسْلِمٍ الْبَطِينِ وَسَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ وَمُجَاهِدٍ وَعَطَاءٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ:
جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّ أُخْتِي مَاتَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا صِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ ؟ قَالَ: أَرَأَيْتِ لَوْ كَانَ عَلَى أُخْتِكِ دَيْنٌ، أَكُنْتِ تَقْضِينَهُ ؟. قَالَتْ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: " فَحَقُّ اللهِ أَحَقُّ
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What scholars said about it
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- Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī
رجال هذا الإسناد رجال الصحيح إلا أن فيه اختلافا كثيرا في إسناده وقد تفرد أبو خالد سليمان بن حيان الأحمر بهذا السياق وخالف فيه الحفاظ من أصحاب الأعمش
machine translationThe men of this chain are the men of the Ṣaḥīḥ, except that there is much disagreement about its chain, and Abū Khālid Sulaymān b. Ḥayyān al-Aḥmar was alone in transmitting it with this wording, and in it he differed from the memorizers (ḥuffāẓ) among the students of al-Aʿmash.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 8323 - Zarqānī
قد أعل حديث ابن عباس بالاضطراب ففي رواية أن السائل امرأة أن أمها ماتت وعليها صوم شهر وفي أخرى وعليها خمسة عشر يوما وأخرى أن أختي ماتت وعليها صوم شهرين متتابعين وأخرى قال رجل ماتت أمي وعليها صوم شهر ولكن أجيب بأنه ليس اضطرابا وإنما هو اختلاف يحمل على اختلاف الوقائع لكنه بعيد لاتحاد المخرج فالروايات كلها عن ابن عباس
machine translationThe ḥadīth of Ibn ʿAbbās has been faulted for inconsistency (iḍṭirāb). In one narration the questioner is a woman whose mother died owing a month of fasting; in another, she owed fifteen days; in another, "my sister died owing two consecutive months of fasting"; and in another, a man said, "My mother died owing a month of fasting." But it is answered that this is not inconsistency, but rather a difference to be understood as reflecting different incidents. Yet this is unlikely, because the source of transmission is one, since all the narrations are from Ibn ʿAbbās.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 8323 - Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr
هذا الحديث ليس ذلك الحديث وأن الرجل المذكور فيه ليس سعد بن عبادة والله أعلم على أن هذا الحديث مضطرب وقد كان ابن عباس يفتي بخلافه فدل على أنه غير صحيح عنه
machine translationThis ḥadīth is not that ḥadīth, and the man mentioned in it is not Saʿd b. ʿUbādah, and God knows best. Moreover, this ḥadīth is inconsistent (muḍṭarib), and Ibn ʿAbbās used to give a legal opinion contrary to it, which indicates that it is not authentic from him.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 8323
Narrators
- One of the Companions who narrated most prolifically (mukthirūn).d. 65 AH, or 67 AH, or 68 AH, also said: 69 AH, also said: 70 AH; also said: 73 AHعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍأحد المكثرين من الصحابةعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a jurist (faqīh), virtuous, but he often narrated with omission of the Companion (irsāl); it is said that he changed (taghayyara) at the end of his life, though this was not frequent in himd. 112 AH, or 114 AH, or 115 AH, or 116 AH, or 117 AHوَعَطَاءٍثقة فقيه ، فاضل لكنه كثير الإرسال ، وقيل : إنه تغير بآخره ، ولم يكثر ذلك منهعن
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 121 AH, or 122 AH, or 123 AHوَسَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍثقةعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a retentive memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), knowledgeable in the recitations (qirāʾāt), scrupulous (wariʿ), but he practiced concealment (tadlīs)d. Abū ʿAwānah said, and ʿAbd Allāh b. Dāwūd: 147 AH. Wakīʿ said, and more than one: 148 AH. And al-Khaṭīb considered it correct. Also said: 145 AHالْأَعْمَشِثقة حافظ , عارف بالقراءات ورع لكنه يدلسعن
- truthful (ṣadūq), makes mistakes (yukhṭiʾ)d. 189 AH, or 190 AHأَبُو خَالِدٍصدوق يخطئحدثنا
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 256 AH, or 257 AH, in the book "Zahrat al-Mutaʿallimīn": died (223 AH). Mughulṭāy said: "I have not seen it from anyone else, so it should be examined".عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍثقةحدثنا
- عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْجَارُودِحدثنا
- d. Abū ʿAlī b. Shādhān and Ibn al-Faḍl al-Qaṭṭān said, and Ibn Abī al-Fawāris and others: 351 AH; Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥākim erred and said: 353 AH; al-Dhahabī said: the correct one is 351 AHأَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ : دَعْلَجُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَأنبأ
- d. 415 AHأَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ : عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُأخبرنا
- d. 458 AHالبيهقي
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.