al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 8322
✧ One Who Said: His Guardian Fasts on His Behalf
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وَرَوَاهُ زَائِدَةُ بْنُ قُدَامَةَ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ. ( كَمَا أَخْبَرَنَا ) مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو نَصْرٍ: أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ شَبِيبٍ الْفَامِيُّ، قَالَا: ثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ، أَنْبَأَ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، ثَنَا زَائِدَةُ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ الْبَطِينِ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ:
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّ أُمِّي مَاتَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا صَوْمُ شَهْرٍ، أَفَأَقْضِيهِ عَنْهَا ؟ قَالَ: لَوْ كَانَ عَلَى أُمِّكَ دَيْنٌ، أَكُنْتَ قَاضِيَهُ ؟، قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: " فَدَيْنُ اللهِ أَحَقُّ أَنْ يُقْضَى
Translation
Chain of narrators
- al-Aʿmash Kamā
- Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ and ʾAbū Naṣr Aḥmad b. ʿAlī b. Aḥmad b. Shabīb al-Fāmī
- Abū ʿAbdullāh Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb
- Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Wahhāb Anbaʾ Muʿāwiyah b. ʿAmr
- Zāʾidah
- al-Aʿmash
- Muslim al-Baṭīn
- Saʿīd b. Jubayr
- Ibn ʿAbbās
Machine translation, not reviewed
A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: "O Messenger of Allah, my mother has died and she owed a month of fasting. Shall I make it up on her behalf?" He said: "If your mother had owed a debt, would you have paid it?" He said: "Yes." He said: "The debt owed to Allah is more deserving of being paid."
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What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr
هذا حديث قد اختلف فيه عن الأعمش في إسناده ومتنه هذا الحديث مضطرب وقد كان ابن عباس يفتي بخلافه فدل على أنه غير صحيح عنه
machine translationThere is disagreement about this ḥadīth from al-Aʿmash, in its chain and in its text. This ḥadīth is inconsistent (muḍṭarib), and Ibn ʿAbbās used to give a legal opinion contrary to it, which indicates that it is not authentic from him.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 8322 - Zarqānī
قد أعل حديث ابن عباس بالاضطراب ففي رواية أن السائل امرأة أن أمها ماتت وعليها صوم شهر وفي أخرى وعليها خمسة عشر يوما وأخرى أن أختي ماتت وعليها صوم شهرين متتابعين وأخرى قال رجل ماتت أمي وعليها صوم شهر ولكن أجيب بأنه ليس اضطرابا وإنما هو اختلاف يحمل على اختلاف الوقائع لكنه بعيد لاتحاد المخرج فالروايات كلها عن ابن عباس
machine translationThe ḥadīth of Ibn ʿAbbās has been faulted for inconsistency (iḍṭirāb). In one narration the questioner is a woman whose mother died owing a month of fasting; in another, she owed fifteen days; in another, "my sister died owing two consecutive months of fasting"; and in another, a man said, "My mother died owing a month of fasting." But it is answered that this is not inconsistency, but rather a difference to be understood as reflecting different incidents. Yet this is unlikely, because the source of transmission is one, since all the narrations are from Ibn ʿAbbās.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 8322 - Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr
هذا الحديث ليس ذلك الحديث وأن الرجل المذكور فيه ليس سعد بن عبادة والله أعلم على أن هذا الحديث مضطرب وقد كان ابن عباس يفتي بخلافه فدل على أنه غير صحيح عنه
machine translationThis ḥadīth is not that ḥadīth, and the man mentioned in it is not Saʿd b. ʿUbādah, and God knows best. Moreover, this ḥadīth is inconsistent (muḍṭarib), and Ibn ʿAbbās used to give a legal opinion contrary to it, which indicates that it is not authentic from him.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 8322
Narrators
- One of the Companions who narrated most prolifically (mukthirūn).d. 65 AH, or 67 AH, or 68 AH, also said: 69 AH, also said: 70 AH; also said: 73 AHعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍأحد المكثرين من الصحابةيذكر عن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), an imam in Quranic exegesis and in knowledge.d. 100 AH, or 101 AH, or 102 AH, or 103 AH, or 104 AH, or 107 AHمجاهد بن جبر المخزوميثقة ، إمام في التفسير وفي العلمسمعنا
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 121 AH, or 122 AH, or 123 AHسلمة بن كهيل الحضرميثقةعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a retentive memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), knowledgeable in the recitations (qirāʾāt), scrupulous (wariʿ), but he practiced concealment (tadlīs)d. Abū ʿAwānah said, and ʿAbd Allāh b. Dāwūd: 147 AH. Wakīʿ said, and more than one: 148 AH. And al-Khaṭīb considered it correct. Also said: 145 AHالْأَعْمَشِثقة حافظ , عارف بالقراءات ورع لكنه يدلسعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), firmly reliable (thabt), a man of the Sunnah (ṣāḥib sunnah)d. 160 AH, or 161 AH, or 163 AHزَائِدَةُثقة ثبت ، صاحب سنةحدثنا
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. Ibn Ḥibbān said: 213 AH. Ibn Saʿd said: 214 AH, or 215 AHمُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍوثقةأنبأ
- trustworthy (thiqah), knowledgeable (ʿārif)d. 268 AH, or 272 AHمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِثقة عارفحدثنا
- d. 344 AHأَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ : مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَحدثنا
- وَأَبُو نَصْرٍ : أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ شَبِيبٍ الْفَامِيُّأخبرنا
- d. 458 AHالبيهقي
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.