al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 18875
✧ The Collection of Chapters on the Conditions the Imam Imposes on the People of the Dhimmah and What Constitutes a Breach of the Covenant
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أَخْبَرَنَا ) أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَتَّابٍ، ثَنَا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، ثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ، أَنْبَأَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ. فَذَكَرَ مَعْنَى هَذِهِ الْقَصَّةِ، زَادَ:
ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ دَعَا عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ لِيُرْسِلَهُ إِلَى قُرَيْشٍ، وَهُوَ بِبَلْدَحَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، لَا تُرْسِلْنِي إِلَيْهِمْ، فَإِنِّي أَتَخَوَّفُهُمْ عَلَى نَفْسِي، وَلَكِنْ أَرْسِلْ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ. فَأُرْسِلَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَلَقِيَ أَبَانَ بْنَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ، فَأَجَارَهُ، وَحَمَلَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ عَلَى الْفَرَسِ حَتَّى جَاءَ قُرَيْشًا، فَكَلَّمَهُمْ بِالَّذِي أَمَرَهُ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَرْسَلُوا مَعَهُ سُهَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو لِيُصَالِحَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَبِمَكَّةَ يَوْمَئِذٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ نَاسٌ كَثِيرٌ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا، فَدَعَوْا عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ ؓ لِيَطُوفَ بِالْبَيْتِ، فَأَبَى أَنْ يَطُوفَ، وَقَالَ: مَا كُنْتُ لِأَطُوفَ بِهِ حَتَّى يَطُوفَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَرَجَعَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَمَعَهُ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو وَقَدْ أَجَارَهُ لِيُصَالِحَ رَسُولَ اللهِ - ﷺ. فَذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ الصُّلْحِ، وَكِتَابَتِهِ قَالَ: ثُمَّ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالْكِتَابِ إِلَى قُرَيْشٍ مَعَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ - ؓ. ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قِصَّةً فِيمَا كَانَ بَيْنَ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ مِنَ التَّرَامِي بِالْحِجَارَةِ، وَالنَّبْلِ، وَارْتِهَانِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ ؓ وَارْتِهَانِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ سُهَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو، وَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَى الْبَيْعَةِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَتْ قُرَيْشٌ ذَلِكَ رَعَبَهُمُ اللهُ، فَأَرْسَلُوا مَنْ كَانُوا ارْتَهَنُوهُ، وَدَعَوْا إِلَى الْمُوَادَعَةِ وَالصُّلْحِ، فَصَالَحَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَاتَبَهُمْ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū al-Ḥusayn b. al-Faḍl al-Qaṭṭān Anbaʾ Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAttāb
- al-Qāsim b. ʿAbdullāh b. al-Mughīrah
- Ibn Abū Ūways Anbaʾ Ismāʿīl b. Ibrāhīm b. ʿUqbah
- ʿAmmih Mūsá b. ʿUqbah Fadhakar Maʿná Hadhih al-Qaṣṣah Zād
Machine translation, not reviewed
Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb (may Allah be pleased with him) to send him to Quraysh, while he was at Baldaḥ. ʿUmar said to him: "O Messenger of Allah, do not send me to them, for I fear them for my life, but send ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān." So he was sent to them, and he met Abān b. Saʿīd b. al-ʿĀṣ, who granted him protection and carried him in front of him on the horse until he came to Quraysh. He spoke to them with what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had commanded him, so they sent Suhayl b. ʿAmr with him to make peace with him on their behalf. In Makkah that day there were many Muslims from among its people, and they invited ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān (may Allah be pleased with him) to circumambulate the House, but he refused to circumambulate, and said: "I would not circumambulate it until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ circumambulates it." Then he returned to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and with him was Suhayl b. ʿAmr, whom he had protected, to make peace with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Then he mentioned the story of the peace treaty and its writing. He said: Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent the document to Quraysh with ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān (may Allah be pleased with him). Then he mentioned an account of what happened between the two parties of throwing stones and arrows, the polytheists holding ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān (may Allah be pleased with him) as a hostage, and the Muslims holding Suhayl b. ʿAmr. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ called the Muslims to the pledge of allegiance. When Quraysh saw that, Allah cast terror into them, so they released those whom they had held hostage and called for a truce and peace. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ made peace with them and made a written agreement with them.
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Narrators
- trustworthy (thiqah), jurist (faqīh), an imām in the military expeditions (maghāzī)d. 141 AH, or 142 AH, also said: 135 AH, also said: before 145 AHمُوسَى بْنُ عُقْبَةَثقة فقيه ، إمام في المغازيعن
- trustworthy (thiqah), criticized without proofd. 169 AH, in al-Ṣayrafīnī's book: after 160 AHإِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عُقْبَةَثقة ، تكلم فيه بلا حجةأنبأ
- Truthful (ṣadūq); he made mistakes in some hadiths from his memoryd. 226 AH, also said: 227 AHابْنُ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍصدوق ، أخطأ في أحاديث من حفظهحدثنا
- d. 275 AHالْقَاسِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِحدثنا
- أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَتَّابٍأنبأ
- d. 415 AHأَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُأخبرنا
- d. 458 AHالبيهقي
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.