al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 15833
✧ The One Who Said She Has Maintenance
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( أَخْبَرَنَا ) أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ، أَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، نَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ بْنِ مَسْعَدَةَ، نَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عِصَامِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ، نَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَسَدِيُّ وَهُوَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ، نَا عَمَّارُ بْنُ رُزَيْقٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ جَالِسًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْأَعْظَمِ وَمَعَنَا الشَّعْبِيُّ، فَحَدَّثَ الشَّعْبِيُّ بِحَدِيثِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ:
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ لَهَا سُكْنَى وَلَا نَفَقَةً. فَأَخَذَ الْأَسْوَدُ كَفًّا مِنْ حَصًى فَحَصَبَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَيْحَكَ تُحَدِّثُ بِمِثْلِ هَذَا، قَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: لَا نَتْرُكُ كِتَابَ اللهِ وَسُنَّةَ نَبِيِّنَا ﷺ لِقَوْلِ امْرَأَةٍ لَا نَدْرِي حَفِظَتْ أَوْ نَسِيَتْ لَهَا السُّكْنَى وَالنَّفَقَةُ، قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: لا تُخْرِجُوهُنَّ مِنْ بُيُوتِهِنَّ وَلا يَخْرُجْنَ إِلا أَنْ يَأْتِينَ بِفَاحِشَةٍ مُبَيِّنَةٍ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū Bakr b. al-Ḥārith al-Faqīh
- ʿAlī b. ʿUmar al-Ḥāfiẓ
- Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Yūsuf b. Masʿadah
- Aḥmad b. ʿIṣām b. ʿAbd al-Majīd
- Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh al-Asadī / Abū Aḥmad al-Zubayrī
- ʿAmmār b. Ruzayq
- Abū Isḥāq
- Kunt Maʿ al-Aswad b. Yazīd Jālis Fī al-Masjid al-Aʿẓam Wamaʿanā al-Shaʿbī Faḥaddath al-Shaʿbī Biḥadīth Fāṭimah Bint Qays
Machine translation, not reviewed
that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not grant her lodging or maintenance. So al-Aswad took a handful of pebbles and threw them at him, then said: "Woe to you! You report the like of this?" ʿUmar ؓ said: "We will not abandon the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of our Prophet ﷺ for the saying of a woman, when we do not know whether she remembered or forgot. She is entitled to lodging and maintenance. Allah the Exalted said: {لا تُخْرِجُوهُنَّ مِنْ بُيُوتِهِنَّ وَلا يَخْرُجْنَ إِلا أَنْ يَأْتِينَ بِفَاحِشَةٍ مُبَيِّنَةٍ}"
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What scholars said about it
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- Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. al-Ḥusayn al-Bayhaqī
قال لي أبو عبد الرحمن السلمي وأبو بكر بن الحارث قال علي بن عمر الحافظ هذا أصح من الذي قبله لأن هذا الكلام لا يثبت ويحيى بن آدم أحفظ من أبي أحمد الزبيري وأثبت منه والله أعلم وقد تابعه قبيصة بن عقبة فرواه عن عمار بن رزيق مثل قول يحيى بن آدم سواء ورواه الحسن بن عمارة عن سلمة بن كهيل عن عبد الله بن الخليل عن عمر رضي الله عنه قال فيه وسنة نبينا والحسن بن عمارة متروك والأشبه بما روينا عن عائشة رضي الله عنها وغيرها في الإنكار على فاطمة بنت قيس أنها إنما أنكرت عليها النقلة من غير سبب دون النفقة وهو الأشبه بما احتج به من الآية
machine translationAbū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Sulamī and Abū Bakr b. al-Ḥārith said to me: ʿAlī b. ʿUmar the ḥāfiẓ said: This is more authentic than the one before it, because this statement is not established, and Yaḥyā b. Ādam is a better memorizer than Abū Aḥmad al-Zubayrī and more reliable than him, and Allah knows best. Qabīṣah b. ʿUqbah corroborated him, and narrated it from ʿAmmār b. Ruzayq exactly like the statement of Yaḥyā b. Ādam. Al-Ḥasan b. ʿUmārah narrated it from Salamah b. Kuhayl, from ʿAbdullāh b. al-Khalīl, from ʿUmar, may Allah be pleased with him, and he said in it "and the Sunnah of our Prophet". Al-Ḥasan b. ʿUmārah is abandoned (matrūk). The more likely view, in line with what we narrated from ʿĀʾishah, may Allah be pleased with her, and others, in their denunciation of Fāṭimah bint Qays, is that they only objected to her moving without cause, not to the maintenance, and this is more consistent with what was cited from the verse.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 15833 - Dāraquṭnī
قوله وسنة نبينا هذه زيادة غير محفوظة لم يذكرها جماعة من الثقات
machine translationHis statement "and the sunnah of our Prophet" is an additional wording that is not preserved (ghayr maḥfūẓ); a group of trustworthy (thiqāt) narrators did not mention it.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 15833
Other narrations of this report
Narrators
- well-known Companion (female), among the first women emigrantsd. She lived until the caliphate of Muʿāwiyah.فَاطِمَة بِنْت قَيْس الْفِهْرِيَّةصحابية مشهورة وكانت من المهاجرات الأولفي حكم العنعنة
- Trustworthy (thiqah), well-known, a virtuous jurist (faqīh fāḍil)d. 103 AH, said by al-Haytham b. ʿAdī, and Yaḥyā b. Bukayr, Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn, 104 AH, said by Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn, and Ismāʿīl b. Mujālid, and Abū Nuʿaym, and Muḥammad b. ʿImrān al-Bajalī, and ʿUmar b. Shabīb al-Muslī, and ʿAbd Allāh b. Idrīs, 105 AH, said by Isḥāq b. Yaḥyā, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Numayr, or: 106 AH, said by ʿAlī b. al-Madīnī, and ʿAmr b. ʿAlī, 107 AH, said by ʿAlī b. al-Madīnī, or: 109 AH, said by Ibn Ḥibbān, 110 AH, said by ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Tamīmīالشَّعْبِيُّثقة ، مشهور ، فقيه فاضلحدث
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a prolific narrator (mukthir), devout (ʿābid); his memory became confused (ikhtalaṭa) at the end of his lifed. Ibn ʿUyaynah said 126 AH, Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd said 127 AH, Abū Nuʿaym said 128 AH, ʿAmr b. ʿAlī said 129 AH, Ibn Maʿīn said 132 AHأَبِي إِسْحَاقَثقة مكثر عابد , اختلط بآخرهعن
- no harm in him (lā baʾs bih)d. 159 AHعَمَّارُ بْنُ رُزَيْقٍلا بأس بهنا
- trustworthy and reliable (thiqah thabt), except that he may err in the narrations of al-Thawrīd. 203 AHمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَسَدِيُّ وَهُوَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الزُّبَيْرِيُّثقة ثبت إلا أنه قد يخطئ في حديث الثورينا
- d. 272 AHأَحْمَدُ بْنُ عِصَامِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِنا
- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ بْنِ مَسْعَدَةَنا
- d. 385 AHعَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُأنا
- d. 430 AHأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُأخبرنا
- d. 458 AHالبيهقي
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.