Sunan Abi Dawud 4753
Questioning And Punishment In The Grave
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حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ وَهَذَا لَفْظُ هَنَّادٍ عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ عَنِ الْمِنْهَالِ عَنْ زَاذَانَ عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ قَالَ
خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي جَنَازَةِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ، فَانْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى الْقَبْرِ وَلَمَّا يُلْحَدْ، فَجَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَجَلَسْنَا حَوْلَهُ كَأَنَّمَا عَلَى رُءُوسِنَا الطَّيْرُ، وَفِي يَدِهِ عُودٌ يَنْكُتُ بِهِ فِي الأَرْضِ، فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَقَالَ: «اسْتَعِيذُوا بِاللَّهِ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ»، مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلاَثًا. زَادَ فِي حَدِيثِ جَرِيرٍ هَا هُنَا وَقَالَ: «وَإِنَّهُ لَيَسْمَعُ خَفْقَ نِعَالِهِمْ إِذَا وَلَّوْا مُدْبِرِينَ حِينَ يُقَالُ لَهُ: يَا هَذَا، مَنْ رَبُّكَ؟ وَمَا دِينُكَ؟ وَمَنْ نَبِيُّكَ؟» قَالَ هَنَّادٌ قَالَ: «وَيَأْتِيهِ مَلَكَانِ فَيُجْلِسَانِهِ، فَيَقُولاَنِ لَهُ: مَنْ رَبُّكَ؟ فَيَقُولُ: رَبِّيَ اللَّهُ، فَيَقُولاَنِ لَهُ: مَا دِينُكَ؟ فَيَقُولُ: دِينِي الإِسْلاَمُ، فَيَقُولاَنِ لَهُ: مَا هَذَا الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي بُعِثَ فِيكُمْ؟ قَالَ فَيَقُولُ: هُوَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَيَقُولاَنِ: وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ؟ فَيَقُولُ: قَرَأْتُ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ فَآمَنْتُ بِهِ وَصَدَّقْتُ». زَادَ فِي حَدِيثِ جَرِيرٍ: «فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ ﷻ: ﴿ يُثَبِّتُ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا ﴾ الآيَةَ». ثُمَّ اتَّفَقَا قَالَ: «فَيُنَادِي مُنَادٍ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ أَنْ قَدْ صَدَقَ عَبْدِي، فَأَفْرِشُوهُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ، وَافْتَحُوا لَهُ بَابًا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ، وَأَلْبِسُوهُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ». قَالَ: «فَيَأْتِيهِ مِنْ رَوْحِهَا وَطِيبِهَا». قَالَ: «وَيُفْتَحُ لَهُ فِيهَا مَدَّ بَصَرِهِ». قَالَ: «وَإِنَّ الْكَافِرَ»، فَذَكَرَ مَوْتَهُ، قَالَ: «وَتُعَادُ رُوحُهُ فِي جَسَدِهِ، وَيَأْتِيهِ مَلَكَانِ فَيُجْلِسَانِهِ، فَيَقُولاَنِ: مَنْ رَبُّكَ؟ فَيَقُولُ: هَاهْ هَاهْ هَاهْ لاَ أَدْرِي، فَيَقُولاَنِ لَهُ: مَا دِينُكَ؟ فَيَقُولُ: هَاهْ هَاهْ لاَ أَدْرِي، فَيَقُولاَنِ: مَا هَذَا الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي بُعِثَ فِيكُمْ؟ فَيَقُولُ: هَاهْ هَاهْ لاَ أَدْرِي، فَيُنَادِي مُنَادٍ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ أَنْ كَذَبَ، فَأَفْرِشُوهُ مِنَ النَّارِ، وَأَلْبِسُوهُ مِنَ النَّارِ، وَافْتَحُوا لَهُ بَابًا إِلَى النَّارِ». قَالَ: «فَيَأْتِيهِ مِنْ حَرِّهَا وَسَمُومِهَا». قَالَ: «وَيُضَيَّقُ عَلَيْهِ قَبْرُهُ حَتَّى تَخْتَلِفَ فِيهِ أَضْلاَعُهُ». زَادَ فِي حَدِيثِ جَرِيرٍ قَالَ: «ثُمَّ يُقَيَّضُ لَهُ أَعْمَى أَبْكَمُ مَعَهُ مِرْزَبَّةٌ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ، لَوْ ضُرِبَ بِهَا جَبَلٌ لَصَارَ تُرَابًا». قَالَ: «فَيَضْرِبُهُ بِهَا ضَرْبَةً يَسْمَعُهَا مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ إِلاَّ الثَّقَلَيْنِ، فَيَصِيرُ تُرَابًا». قَالَ: «ثُمَّ تُعَادُ فِيهِ الرُّوحُ».
Translation
Chain of narrators
- [Chain 1] ʿUthmān b. Abū Shaybah
- Jarīr [Chain 2] Hannād b. al-Sarī
- Abū Muʿāwiyah and Hadhā Lafẓ Hannād
- al-Aʿmash
- al-Minhāl
- Zādhān
- al-Barāʾ b. ʿĀzib
We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for the funeral of a man from the Ansar. We reached the grave, and it had not yet been dug with a lahd. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sat down, and we sat around him as though birds were upon our heads. In his hand was a stick with which he was scratching the ground. He raised his head and said: "Seek refuge in Allah from the punishment of the grave" two or three times. Jarir added at this point in his hadith and said: "He can hear the sound of their sandals when they turn away, departing, at the time it is said to him: "O this one, who is your Lord? What is your religion? And who is your Prophet?"" Hannad said: He said: "Two angels come to him and sit him up. They say to him: "Who is your Lord?" He says: "My Lord is Allah." They say to him: "What is your religion?" He says: "My religion is Islam." They say to him: "Who is this man who was sent among you?" He says: "He is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ." They say: "How did you know?" He says: "I read the Book of Allah, believed in it, and affirmed it."" Jarir added in his hadith: "That is the saying of Allah ﷻ: "Allah makes firm those who believe," the verse." Then the two agreed. He said: "A caller from the heaven calls out: "My servant has spoken the truth, so spread out for him from Paradise, open for him a door to Paradise, and clothe him from Paradise."" He said: "Then some of its breeze and fragrance come to him." He said: "And it is opened for him therein as far as his eye can see." He said: "As for the disbeliever"—then he mentioned his death—and said: "His soul is returned to his body, and two angels come to him and sit him up. They say: "Who is your Lord?" He says: "Hah, hah, hah, I do not know." They say to him: "What is your religion?" He says: "Hah, hah, I do not know." They say: "Who is this man who was sent among you?" He says: "Hah, hah, I do not know." Then a caller from the heaven calls out: "He has lied, so spread out for him from the Fire, clothe him from the Fire, and open for him a door to the Fire."" He said: "Then some of its heat and scorching wind come to him." He said: "His grave is constricted upon him until his ribs interlock within it." Jarir added in his hadith: He said: "Then one who is blind and mute is appointed over him, carrying an iron sledgehammer; if a mountain were struck with it, it would become dust." He said: "He strikes him with it a blow that everything between the east and the west hears except humans and jinn, and he becomes dust." He said: "Then the soul is returned to him."
Grades by grader
| al-Albani | Soundin صحيح سنن أبي داود, p. 4753 | fawazahmed0, hadithunlocked, sunnah.com |
|---|---|---|
| Zubair Ali Zai | Hasan | fawazahmed0 |
What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- أبو موسى المديني
حديث حسن مشهور بالمنهال عن زاذان
in سنن أبي داود, p. 4738
Same hadith, other wordings
- Misykatul Mashabih 131عَن الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «وَيَأْتِيهِ مَلَكَانِ فَيُجْلِسَانِهِ فَيَقُولَانِ لَهُ مَنْ رَبُّكَ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّيَ اللَّهُ فَيَقُولَانِ لَهُ مَا دِينُكَ فَيَقُولُ ديني الْإِسْلَ
- Sunan Abu Dawud 4754فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ
Other narrations of this report
Sahih al-Bukhari 1374Sunan an-Nasa'i 2050Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq 6756al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Nasa'i) 2189
Narrators
- Companion (ṣaḥābī)d. 72 AH, also said 71 AHالْبَرَاء بْن عَازِب الْأَوْسِيّصحابيعن
- truthful (ṣadūq), narrates mursald. 82 AHزَاذَانَصدوق يرسلعن
- truthful (ṣadūq), who sometimes made mistakes (rubbamā wahima)d. between 111 and 120 AHالْمِنْهَالِصدوق ربما وهمعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a retentive memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), knowledgeable in the recitations (qirāʾāt), scrupulous (wariʿ), but he practiced concealment (tadlīs)d. Abū ʿAwānah said, and ʿAbd Allāh b. Dāwūd: 147 AH. Wakīʿ said, and more than one: 148 AH. And al-Khaṭīb considered it correct. Also said: 145 AHالْأَعْمَشِثقة حافظ , عارف بالقراءات ورع لكنه يدلسعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), his book is sound (ṣaḥīḥ al-kitāb); it was said that at the end of his life he would err when narrating from memoryd. 187 AH or 188 AHجَرِيرٌثقة صحيح الكتاب ، قيل : كان في آخر عمره يهم من حفظهنا
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a renowned memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), though he had some errors (awhām). It is also said: he did not memorize the Qurʾānd. 239 AHعُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَثقة حافظ شهير ، وله أوهام . وقيل : كان لا يحفظ القرآنحدثنا
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), the compiler of the Sunan and other works, one of the senior scholars.d. 275 AHأَبُو دَاوُدَ السِّجِسْتَانِيُّثقة ، حافظ , مصنف السنن وغيرها ، من كبار العلماء
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.
Commentaries
Mirqāt al-Mafātīḥ (al-Mullā ʿAlī Qārī)
Mirʿāt al-Mafātīḥ (al-Mubārakfūrī)
Lamaʿāt al-Tanqīḥ (ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq al-Dihlawī)
ʿAwn al-Maʿbūd (Ashraf)
Read them on Hadith Unlocked