Sunan Abi Dawud 4363
The ruling regarding one who reviles the prophet ﷺ
Show the chain
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ هِلاَلٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَنُصَيْرُ بْنُ الْفَرَجِ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ زُرَيْعٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ هِلاَلٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُطَرِّفٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَرْزَةَ قَالَ
كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ فَتَغَيَّظَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ فَاشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ تَأْذَنُ لِي يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَضْرِبُ عُنُقَهُ قَالَ فَأَذْهَبَتْ كَلِمَتِي غَضَبَهُ فَقَامَ فَدَخَلَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَىَّ فَقَالَ مَا الَّذِي قُلْتَ آنِفًا قُلْتُ ائْذَنْ لِي أَضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ قَالَ أَكُنْتَ فَاعِلاً لَوْ أَمَرْتُكَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ لاَ وَاللَّهِ مَا كَانَتْ لِبَشَرٍ بَعْدَ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- [Chain 1] Mūsá b. Ismāʿīl
- Ḥammād
- Yūnus
- Ḥumayd b. Hilāl
- al-Nabī ﷺ [Chain 2] Hārūn b. ʿAbdullāh and Nuṣayr b. al-Faraj
- Abū Usāmah
- Yazīd b. Zurayʿ
- Yūnus b. ʿUbayd
- Ḥumayd b. Hilāl
- ʿAbdullāh b. Muṭarrif
- Abū Barzah
AbuBarzah said: I was with AbuBakr. He became angry at a man and uttered hot words. I said: Do you permit me, Caliph of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, that I cut off his neck? These words of mine removed his anger; he stood and went in. He then sent for me and said: What did you say just now? I said: (I had said:) Permit me that I cut off his neck. He said: Would you do it if I ordered you? I said: Yes. He said: No, I swear by Allah, this is not allowed for any man after Muhammad ﷺ. Abu Dawud said: This is Yazid's version. Ahmad bin Hanbal said: That is, Abu Bakr has no powers to slay a man except for three reasons which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had mentioned: disbelief after belief, fornication after marriage, or killing a man without (murdering) any man by him. The Prophet ﷺ had powers to kill.
Notes
قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ هَذَا لَفْظُ يَزِيدَ قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ أَىْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لأَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ رَجُلاً إِلاَّ بِإِحْدَى الثَّلاَثِ الَّتِي قَالَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ كُفْرٌ بَعْدَ إِيمَانٍ أَوْ زِنًا بَعْدَ إِحْصَانٍ أَوْ قَتْلُ نَفْسٍ بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ وَكَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ
machine translationAbū Dāwūd said: This is the wording of Yazīd. Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal said: That is, Abū Bakr had no right to kill a man except for one of the three that the Messenger of God ﷺ mentioned: disbelief after faith, adultery after marriage (iḥṣān), or killing a person other than in retaliation for a person. But the Prophet ﷺ had the right to kill.
Grades by grader
| al-Albani | Soundin صحيح سنن أبي داود, p. 4363 | fawazahmed0, hadithunlocked, sunnah.com |
|---|---|---|
| Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamid | Sahih | fawazahmed0 |
| Shuayb al-Arnaut | Hasan | fawazahmed0 |
| Zubair Ali Zai | Hasan | fawazahmed0 |
What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- أبو زرعة الرازي
رواه شعبة عن عمرو بن مرة عن حميد بن هلال عن أبي برزة في قصة أبي بكر ورواه يزيد بن زريع عن يونس بن عبيد عن حميد عن عبد الله بن مطرف عن أبي برزة والصحيح كما يقول يزيد بن زريع
machine translationShuʿbah narrated it from ʿAmr b. Murrah, from Ḥumayd b. Hilāl, from Abū Barzah, in the story of Abū Bakr. And Yazīd b. Zurayʿ narrated it from Yūnus b. ʿUbayd, from Ḥumayd, from ʿAbdullāh b. Muṭarrif, from Abū Barzah. The correct one is as Yazīd b. Zurayʿ says.
in سنن أبي داود, p. 4354 - العظيم آبادي محمد بن علي
حماد بن سلمة وهم في هذا الحديث في الموضعين الأول أسقط عبد الله بن مطرف وأبا برزة والثاني جعله من كلام النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وإنما هو متصل الإسناد من كلام أبي بكر
machine translationḤammād b. Salamah erred in this hadith in two places. In the first, he omitted ʿAbdullāh b. Muṭarrif and Abū Barzah. In the second, he made it part of the words of the Prophet ﷺ, whereas it is in fact a connected chain (muttaṣil al-isnād) from the words of Abū Bakr.
in سنن أبي داود, p. 4354 - Aḥmad ibn Shuʿayb al-Nasāʾī
هذا الحديث أحسن الأحاديث وأجودها
machine translationThis hadith is among the best and finest of hadiths.
in سنن أبي داود, p. 4354 - Shuayb al-Arnaut
إسناد الموصول قوي
machine translationThe chain of the connected (mawṣūl) version is strong (qawī).
in تخريج سنن أبي داود, p. 4363
Other narrations of this report
Sunan an-Nasa'i 4073al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 13507Musnad Abi Ya'la 81
Narrators
- Successor (Caliph) of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ (khalīfat rasūl Allāh ﷺ)d. 13 AHأَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُخليفة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلمفقال
- Companion (ṣaḥābī)d. 64 AH, or: 65 AH, or after itأَبِي بَرْزَةَصحابيعن
- truthful (ṣadūq)d. 87 AHعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُطَرِّفٍصدوقعن
- trustworthy (thiqah), a scholard. during the governorship of Khālid b. ʿAbd Allāh over Iraqحُمَيْدِ بْنِ هِلَالٍثقة عالمعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), firmly reliable (thabt), virtuous, scrupulous.d. 138 AH, or 139 AH, or 140 AHيُونُسَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍثقة ثبت فاضل ورععن
- trustworthy (thiqah), firmly reliable (thabt).d. 182 AH, also said: 183 AH.يَزِيدَ بْنِ زُرَيْعٍثقة ثبت .عن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), reliable (thabt); he sometimes practiced concealment (tadlīs), and toward the end of his life he used to narrate from the books of others.d. 200 AH, or 201 AHأَبُو أُسَامَةَثقة ثبت ، ربما دلس ، وكان بآخره يحدث من كتب غيره.نا
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 245 AHوَنُصَيْرُ بْنُ الْفَرَجِثقةنا
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), the compiler of the Sunan and other works, one of the senior scholars.d. 275 AHأَبُو دَاوُدَ السِّجِسْتَانِيُّثقة ، حافظ , مصنف السنن وغيرها ، من كبار العلماء
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.
Commentaries
ʿAwn al-Maʿbūd (Ashraf)
Read them on Hadith Unlocked