Sunan Abi Dawud 3050
Levying The 'Ushur On Ahl Adh-Dhimmah If They Deal In Trade
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حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى حَدَّثَنَا أَشْعَثُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا أَرْطَاةُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ حَكِيمَ بْنَ عُمَيْرٍ أَبَا الأَحْوَصِ يُحَدِّثُ عَنِ الْعِرْبَاضِ بْنِ سَارِيَةَ السُّلَمِيِّ قَالَ
نَزَلْنَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ خَيْبَرَ وَمَعَهُ مَنْ مَعَهُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ وَكَانَ صَاحِبُ خَيْبَرَ رَجُلاً مَارِدًا مُنْكَرًا فَأَقْبَلَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَلَكُمْ أَنْ تَذْبَحُوا حُمُرَنَا وَتَأْكُلُوا ثَمَرَنَا وَتَضْرِبُوا نِسَاءَنَا فَغَضِبَ يَعْنِي النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ عَوْفٍ ارْكَبْ فَرَسَكَ ثُمَّ نَادِ أَلاَ إِنَّ الْجَنَّةَ لاَ تَحِلُّ إِلاَّ لِمُؤْمِنٍ وَأَنِ اجْتَمِعُوا لِلصَّلاَةِ قَالَ فَاجْتَمَعُوا ثُمَّ صَلَّى بِهِمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَقَالَ أَيَحْسَبُ أَحَدُكُمْ مُتَّكِئًا عَلَى أَرِيكَتِهِ قَدْ يَظُنُّ أَنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يُحَرِّمْ شَيْئًا إِلاَّ مَا فِي هَذَا الْقُرْآنِ أَلاَ وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ قَدْ وَعَظْتُ وَأَمَرْتُ وَنَهَيْتُ عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ إِنَّهَا لَمِثْلُ الْقُرْآنِ أَوْ أَكْثَرُ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ ﷻ لَمْ يُحِلَّ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنٍ وَلاَ ضَرْبَ نِسَائِهِمْ وَلاَ أَكْلَ ثِمَارِهِمْ إِذَا أَعْطَوْكُمُ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِمْ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Muḥammad b. ʿĪsá
- Ashʿath b. Shuʿbah
- Arṭāh b. al-Mundhir
- Ḥakīm b. ʿUmayr Abū al-Aḥwaṣ Yuḥaddith
- al-ʿIrbāḍ b. Sāriyah al-Sulamī
We alighted with the Prophet ﷺ at Khaybar, and he had his companions with him. The chief of Khaybar was a defiant and abominable man. He came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: Is it proper for you, Muhammad, that you slaughter our donkeys, eat our fruit, and beat our women? The Prophet ﷺ became angry and said: Ibn Awf, ride your horse, and call loudly: Beware, Paradise is lawful only for a believer, and that they (the people) should gather for prayer. They gathered and the Prophet ﷺ led them in prayer, stood up and said: Does any of you, while reclining on his couch, imagine that Allah has prohibited only that which is to be found in this Qur'an? By Allah, I have preached, commanded and prohibited various matters as numerous as that which is found in the Qur'an, or more numerous. Allah has not permitted you to enter the houses of the people of the Book without permission, or beat their women, or eat their fruits when they give you that which is imposed on them.
Grades by grader
| al-Albani | Weakin ضعيف سنن أبي داود, p. 3050 | fawazahmed0, hadithunlocked, sunnah.com |
|---|---|---|
| Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamid | Daif | fawazahmed0 |
| Zubair Ali Zai | Daif | fawazahmed0 |
What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- ʿAbd al-ʿAẓīm al-Mudhirī
في إسناده أشعث بن شعبة المصيصي وفيه مقال
in سنن أبي داود, p. 3047 - Shuayb al-Arnaut
إسناده حسن وقوله: "أيحسب أحدكم متكئا ... " إلى آخره، صحيح لغيره
in تخريج سنن أبي داود, p. 3050
Same hadith, other wordings
- Misykatul Mashabih 164وَعَن الْعِرْبَاض بن سَارِيَة قَالَ: قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: «أيحسب أحدكُم متكأ عَلَى أَرِيكَتِهِ يَظُنُّ أَنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يُحَرِّمْ شَيْئًا إِلَّا مَا فِي هَذَا الْقُرْآنِ أَلَا وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ
Other narrations of this report
al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (al-Tabarani) 16765al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (al-Tabarani) 5859al-Mu'jam al-Awsat 7232Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 26512Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq 9920al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 18796
Narrators
- Companion (ṣaḥābī)d. 75 AHعِرْبَاضُ بْنُ سَارِيَةَصحابييحدث عن
- truthful (ṣadūq), prone to error (yahim)d. between 101 and 110 AHحَكِيمَ بْنَ عُمَيْرٍ أَبَا الْأَحْوَصِصدوق يهمسمعت
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 156 AH, or 162 AH, or 163 AHأَرْطَاةُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِثقةنا
- acceptable (maqbūl)d. between 191 and 200 AHأَشْعَثُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَمقبولنا
- trustworthy (thiqah), a jurist (faqīh)d. 224 AHمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَىثقة فقيهحدثنا
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), the compiler of the Sunan and other works, one of the senior scholars.d. 275 AHأَبُو دَاوُدَ السِّجِسْتَانِيُّثقة ، حافظ , مصنف السنن وغيرها ، من كبار العلماء
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.
Commentaries
Mirqāt al-Mafātīḥ (al-Mullā ʿAlī Qārī)
Mirʿāt al-Mafātīḥ (al-Mubārakfūrī)
Lamaʿāt al-Tanqīḥ (ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq al-Dihlawī)
ʿAwn al-Maʿbūd (Ashraf)
Read them on Hadith Unlocked