Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq 9498
✧ Killing the polytheists by captivation and ransoming captives
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عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ لَيْثٍ قَالَ:
قُلْتُ لِمُجَاهِدٍ: إِنَّهُ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: " لَا يَحِلُّ الْأُسَارَى لِأَنَّ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى قَالَ: ﴿فَإِمَّا مَنًّا بَعْدُ وَإِمَّا فِدَاءً حَتَّى تَضَعَ الْحَرْبُ أَوْزَارَهَا ﴾، قَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: لَا يَعْبَأُ بِهَذَا شَيْئًا، أَدْرَكْتُ أَصْحَابَ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ، كُلُّهُمْ يُنْكِرُ هَذَا، وَيَقُولُ: هَذِهِ مَنْسُوخَةٌ، إِنَّمَا كَانَتْ فِي الْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ بَيْنَ نَبِيِّ اللهِ ﷺ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ، فَأَمَّا الْيَوْمَ فَلِقَوْلِ اللهِ تَعَالَى: ﴿فَاقْتُلُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ حَيْثُ وَجَدْتُمُوهُمْ ﴾فَإِنْ كَانُوا مِنْ مُشْرِكِي الْعَرَبِ لَمْ يُقْبَلْ مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا الْإِسْلَامُ، وَإِنْ أَبَوْا قُتِلُوا فَأَمَّا مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ، فَإِذَا أُسِرُوا فَالْمُسْلِمُونَ فِيهِمْ بِالْخِيَارِ، إِنْ شَاءُوا قَتَلُوا، وَإِنْ شَاءُوا اسْتَحْيَوْا وَإِنْ شَاءُوا فَادَوْا إِذَا لَمْ يَتَحَوَّلُوا عَنْ دِينِهِمْ، فَإِنْ أَظْهَرُوا الْإِسْلَامَ لَمْ يُفَادُوا
Translation
✧ I said to Mujahid: 'It has reached me that Ibn 'Abbas said: "Captives are not lawful, because God, Blessed and Exalted, said: 'Thereafter either grace or ransom until the war lays down its burdens' (Q 47:4)."' Mujahid said: 'He pays no attention to this at all. I met the companions of Muhammad ﷺ; all of them rejected this and said: "This is abrogated. It was only during the period [of truce] between the Prophet of God ﷺ and the polytheists. But today, [it is] according to God's word: 'Kill the polytheists wherever you find them' (Q 9:5). If they are from the Arab polytheists, nothing is accepted from them except Islam; if they refuse, they are killed. As for others, when they are captured, the Muslims have a choice: if they wish, they kill; if they wish, they spare them; and if they wish, they ransom them, as long as they do not change from their religion. But if they profess Islam, they are not ransomed."'
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