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العربية

al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (al-Tabarani) 5147

✧ Zaid bin Sana'a "Died in the Battle of Tabuk

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حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ بْنِ نَجْدَةَ الْحَوْطِيُّ ثنا أَبِي ح وَحَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْأَبَّارُ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي السَّرِيُّ الْعَسْقَلَانِيُّ ثنا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ لَمَّا أَرَادَ هُدَى زَيْدِ بْنِ سَعْنَةَ قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ سَعْنَةَ مَا مِنْ عَلَامَاتِ النُّبُوَّةِ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا وَقَدْ عَرَفْتُهَا فِي وَجْهِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ حِينَ نَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ إِلَّا اثْنَتَيْنِ لَمْ أَخْبُرْهُمَا مِنْهُ يَسْبِقُ حِلْمُهُ جَهْلَهُ وَلَا تَزِيدُ شِدَّةُ الْجَهْلِ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا حِلْمًا فَكُنْتُ أَلْطُفُ لَهُ لِأَنْ أُخَالِطَهُ فَأَعْرِفَ حِلْمَهُ مِنْ جَهْلِهِ قَالَ

زَيْدُ بْنُ سَعْنَةَ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمًا مِنَ الْحُجُرَاتِ وَمَعَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ كَالْبَدَوِيِّ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ بُصْرَى قَرْيَةَ بَنِي فُلَانٍ قَدْ أَسْلَمُوا وَدَخَلُوا فِي الْإِسْلَامِ وَكُنْتُ حَدَّثَتْهُمْ إِنْ أَسْلَمُوا أَتَاهُمُ الرِّزْقُ رَغَدًا وَقَدْ أَصَابَتْهُمْ سَنَةٌ وَشِدَّةٌ وقُحُوطٌ مِنَ الْغَيْثِ فَأَنَا أَخْشَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ طَمَعًا كَمَا دَخَلُوا فِيهِ طَمَعًا فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تُرْسِلَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِشَيْءٍ تُعِينُهُمْ بِهِ فَعَلْتَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ أُرَاهُ عَلِيًّا ؓ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ سَعْنَةَ فَدَنَوْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ هَلْ لَكَ أَنْ تَبِيعَنِي تَمْرًا مَعْلُومًا مِنْ حَائِطِ بَنِي فُلَانٍ إِلَى أَجْلِ كَذَا وَكَذَا؟ فَقَالَ «لَا يَا يَهُودِيُّ وَلَكِنِّي أَبِيعُكَ تَمْرًا مَعْلُومًا إِلَى أَجْلِ كَذَا وَكَذَا وَلَا تُسَمِّي حَائِطَ بَنِي فُلَانٍ» قُلْتُ بَلَى فَبَايَعَنِي فَأَطْلَقْتُ هِمْيَانِي فَأَعْطَيْتُهُ ثَمَانِينَ مِثْقَالًا مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فِي تَمْرٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجْلِ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَأَعْطَاهَا الرَّجُلَ فَقَالَ «اغْدُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَعِنْهُمْ بِهَا» فَقَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ سَعْنَةَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ قَبْلَ مَحَلِّ الْأَجَلِ بِيَوْمَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثٍ أَتَيْتُهُ فَأَخَذْتُ بِمَجَامِعِ قَمِيصِهِ وَرِدَائِهِ وَنَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ بِوَجْهٍ غَلِيظٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَلَا تَقْضِيَنِي يَا مُحَمَّدُ حَقِّي؟ فَوَاللهِ مَا عَلِمْتُكُمْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ لَمَطْلٌ وَلَقَدْ كَانَ لِي بِمُخَالَطَتِكُمْ عَلِمٌ وَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى عُمَرَ وَإِذَا عَيْنَاهُ تَدُورَانِ فِي وَجْهِهِ كالْفَلَكِ الْمُسْتَدِيرِ ثُمَّ رَمَانِي بِبَصَرِهِ فَقَالَ يَا عَدُوَّ اللهِ أَتَقُولُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مَا أَسْمَعُ وَتَصْنَعُ بِهِ مَا أَرَى فَوَالَّذِي بَعَثَهُ بِالْحَقِّ لَوْلَا مَا أُحَاذِرُ فَوْتَهُ لَضَرَبْتُ بِسَيْفِي رَأْسَكَ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى عُمَرَ فِي سُكُونٍ وتُؤَدَةٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ «يَا عُمَرُ أَنَا وَهُوَ كُنَّا أَحْوَجَ إِلَى غَيْرِ هَذَا أَنْ تَأْمُرَنِي بِحُسْنِ الْأَدَاءِ وتَأْمُرَهُ بِحُسْنِ التِّبَاعَةِ اذْهَبْ بِهِ يَا عُمَرُ وأَعْطِهِ حَقَّهُ وَزِدْهُ عِشْرِينَ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ مَكَانَ مَا رَوَّعْتَهُ» قَالَ زَيْدٌ فَذَهَبَ بِي عُمَرُ ؓ فَأَعْطَانِي حَقِّي وَزَادَنِي عِشْرِينَ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ فَقُلْتُ مَا هَذِهِ الزِّيَادَةُ يَا عُمَرُ؟ فَقَالَ أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ أَزِيدَكَ مَكَانَ مَا رَوَّعْتُكَ قُلْتُ وتَعْرِفُنِي يَا عُمَرُ؟ قَالَ لَا مَنْ أَنْتَ؟ قُلْتُ أَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ سَعْنَةَ قَالَ الْحَبْرُ قُلْتُ الْحَبْرُ قَالَ فَمَا دَعَاكَ أَنْ فَعَلْتَ بِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مَا فَعَلْتَ وَقُلْتَ لَهُ مَا قُلْتَ؟ قُلْتُ يَا عُمَرُ لَمْ تَكُنْ مِنْ عَلَامَاتِ النُّبُوَّةِ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا وَقَدْ عَرَفْتُهُ فِي وَجْهِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حِينَ نَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ إِلَّا اثْنَتَيْنِ لَمْ أَخْبُرْهُمَا مِنْهُ يَسْبِقُ حِلْمُهُ جَهْلَهُ وَلَا يَزِيدُهُ الْجَهْلُ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا حِلْمًا فَقَدْ أُخْبِرْتُهُمَا فَأُشْهِدُكَ يَا عُمَرُ أَنِّي قَدْ رَضِيتُ بِاللهِ رَبًّا وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ نَبِيًّا وَأُشْهِدُكَ أَنَّ شَطْرَ مَالِي وَإِنِّي أَكْثَرُهَا مَالًا صَدَقَةٌ عَلَى أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ أَوْ عَلَى بَعْضِهِمْ فَإِنَّكَ لَا تَسَعُهُمْ قُلْتُ أَوْ عَلَى بَعْضِهِمْ فَرَجَعَ عُمَرُ وَزَيْدٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ زَيْدٌ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ ﷺ وَآمَنَ بِهِ وَصَدَّقَهُ وَبَايَعَهُ وَشَهِدَ مَعَهُ مَشَاهِدَ كَثِيرَةً ثُمَّ تُوُفِّي زَيْدٌ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ مُقْبِلًا غَيْرَ مُدْبِرٍ رَحِمَ اللهُ زَيْدًا

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. [Chain 1] Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Wahhāb b. Najdah al-Ḥawṭī from my father [Chain 2] Aḥmad b. ʿAlī al-Abbār
  2. Muḥammad b. Abū al-Sarī al-ʿAsqalānī
  3. al-Walīd b. Muslim
  4. Muḥammad b. Ḥamzah b. Yūsuf b. ʿAbdullāh b. Salām from his father from his grandfather
  5. ʿAbdullāh b. Salām
  6. In Allāh Lammā Arād Hudá Zayd b. Saʿnah

✧ Zayd b. Sa'na said: The Messenger of God ﷺ came out one day from his apartments with 'Ali b. Abi Talib ؓ with him. A man came to him on his mount like a Bedouin and said: 'O Messenger of God, the village of the Banu so-and-so in Busra has embraced Islam and entered into Islam. I had told them that if they embraced Islam, provision would come to them abundantly. A year of drought, hardship, and lack of rain has befallen them, so I fear, O Messenger of God, that they may leave Islam out of greed just as they entered it out of greed. If you see fit to send them something to help them, do so.' He looked at a man beside him, whom I think was 'Ali ؓ, and said: 'O Messenger of God, nothing of it remains.' Zayd b. Sa'na said: I approached him and said: 'O Muhammad, would you like to sell me a specified amount of dates from the orchard of Banu so-and-so to a certain term?' He said: 'No, O Jew. But I will sell you a specified amount of dates to a certain term, and do not name the orchard of Banu so-and-so.' I said: 'Yes.' So he made a transaction with me. I untied my money belt and gave him eighty mithqals of gold for a specified amount of dates to a certain term. He gave it to the man and said: 'Go early to them and help them with it.' Zayd b. Sa'na said: When it was two or three days before the term was due, I came to him, grabbed the collar of his shirt and cloak, and looked at him with a harsh face. I said to him: 'Will you not repay me my due, O Muhammad? By God, I do not know you Banu 'Abd al-Muttalib except as ones who delay payment. I have knowledge of your mixing with people.' I looked at 'Umar, whose eyes were rolling in his face like a revolving celestial sphere. Then he cast his gaze at me and said: 'O enemy of God, do you say to the Messenger of God ﷺ what I hear and do to him what I see? By the One who sent him with truth, if I did not fear missing his command, I would strike your head with my sword.' The Messenger of God ﷺ looked at 'Umar with calmness and deliberation, then said: 'O 'Umar, I and he were in greater need of other than this: that you command me to pay well and command him to demand well. Take him, O 'Umar, give him his due, and add twenty sa's of dates for what you frightened him.' Zayd said: 'Umar ؓ took me and gave me my due and added twenty sa's of dates. I said: 'What is this addition, O 'Umar?' He said: 'The Messenger of God ﷺ commanded me to add it for you for what I frightened you.' I said: 'Do you know me, O 'Umar?' He said: 'No. Who are you?' I said: 'I am Zayd b. Sa'na.' He said: 'The rabbi?' I said: 'The rabbi.' He said: 'What made you do to the Messenger of God ﷺ what you did and say to him what you said?' I said: 'O 'Umar, there was none of the signs of prophethood but I recognized it in the face of the Messenger of God ﷺ when I looked at him, except for two that I had not tested in him: his forbearance preceded his ignorance, and ignorance did not increase him except in forbearance. I have now tested them. I call you to witness, O 'Umar, that I am pleased with God as Lord, Islam as religion, and Muhammad as Prophet. And I call you to witness that half of my wealth — and I am the wealthiest of them — is charity for the ummah of Muhammad.' 'Umar ؓ said: 'Or upon some of them, for you cannot encompass them all.' I said: 'Or upon some of them.' 'Umar and Zayd returned to the Messenger of God ﷺ, and Zayd said: 'I bear witness that there is no god but God and that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger ﷺ.' He believed in him, confirmed him, pledged allegiance to him, and witnessed with him many expeditions. Then Zayd died in the Battle of Tabuk, advancing and not retreating. May God have mercy on Zayd.

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