Shu'ab al-Iman (al-Bayhaqi) 7009
✧ The virtue of the just ruler and what has come regarding the oppression of governors
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الصَّغَانِيُّ، نا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ أَبِي النَّجُودِ،
أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، كَانَ إِذَا بَعَثَ عُمَّالًا اشْتَرَطَ عَلَيْهِمْ: " أَلَا تَرْكَبُوا بِرْذَوْنَا، وَلَا تَأْكُلُوا نَقِيًّا، وَلَا تَلْبَسُوا رَقِيقًا، وَلَا تُغْلِقُوا أَبْوَابَكُمْ دُونَ حَوَائِجِ النَّاسِ، فَإِنْ فَعَلْتُمْ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ حَلَّتْ بِكُمُ الْعُقُوبَةُ، ثُمَّ يُشَيِّعُهُمْ "، فَإِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ قَالَ: " إِنِّي لَمْ أُسَلِّطْكُمْ عَلَى دِمَاءِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَلَا عَلَى أَبْشَارِهِمْ، وَلَا عَلَى أَعْرَاضِهِمْ، وَلَا عَلَى أَمْوَالِهِمْ، وَلَكِنِّي بَعَثْتُكُمْ لِتُقِيمُوا فِيهِمُ الصَّلَاةَ، وَتَقْتَسِمُوا فِيهِمْ فَيْئَهُمْ، وَتَحْكُمُوا بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْعَدْلِ، فَإِنْ أَشْكَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ شَيْءٌ فَارْفَعُوهُ إِلَيَّ، أَلَا وَلَا تَضْرِبُوا الْعَرَبَ فَتُذِلُّوهَا، وَلَا تَحْمَدُوهَا فَتَفْتِنُوهَا، وَلَا تُقْبِلُوا عَلَيْهَا فَتُحْرَمُوهَا فَيَرُدُّوا الْقُرْآنَ "
Translation
Chain of narrators
machine translationAbū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ informed us, Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ṣaghānī informed us, Isḥāq b. Ibrāhīm narrated to us, ʿAbd al-Razzāq informed us, from Maʿmar, from ʿĀṣim b. Abī al-Najūd,
Machine translation, not reviewed
That ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb, whenever he sent out governors, would stipulate to them: "Do not ride a Turkish horse, do not eat fine white bread, do not wear thin clothing, and do not close your doors in the face of the needs of the people. If you do any of that, the punishment becomes due upon you." Then he would see them off. When he wished to turn back, he would say: "I did not give you authority over the blood of the Muslims, nor over their skins, nor their honor, nor their wealth. Rather, I sent you to establish the prayer among them, to divide their fay' among them, and to judge between them with justice. If anything is unclear to you, refer it to me. And do not beat the Arabs, lest you humiliate them, do not praise them excessively, lest you tempt them, and do not keep them away from their homes, lest you deprive them, so that they abandon the Qur'an."
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Same hadith, other wordings
- Misykatul Mashabih 3730وَعَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا بَعَثَ عُمَّالَهُ شَرَطَ عَلَيْهِمْ: أَنْ لَا تَرْكَبُوا بِرْذَوْنًا وَلَا تَأْكُلُوا نَقِيًّا وَلَا تَلْبَسُوا رَقِيقًا وَلَا تُغْلِقُوا أَبْوَابَكُمْ دُونَ حَوَائِجِ
Commentaries
Mirqāt al-Mafātīḥ (al-Mullā ʿAlī Qārī)
Lamaʿāt al-Tanqīḥ (ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq al-Dihlawī)
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