al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 814
✧ What Necessitates Ghusl
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( أَخْبَرَنَا ) أَبُو الْحَسَنِ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ، بِبَغْدَادَ، ثَنَا أَبُو سَهْلِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الْقَطَّانُ، ثَنَا أَبُو يَحْيَى: عَبْدُ الْكَرِيمِ بْنُ الْهَيْثَمِ الدَّيْرَعَاقُولِيُّ، نَا أَبُو تَوْبَةَ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ، ثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ سَلَّامٍ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ؛ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا سَلَّامٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو أَسْمَاءَ الرَّحَبِيُّ: أَنَّ ثَوْبَانَ - مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ - قَالَ:
كُنْتُ قَائِمًا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَجَاءَ حَبْرٌ مِنْ أَحْبَارِ الْيَهُودِ، فَقَالَ: السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ. قَالَ: فَدَفَعْتُهُ دَفْعَةً كَادَ يُصْرَعُ مِنْهَا، فَقَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ: لِمَ دَفَعْتَنِي ؟ فَقُلْتُ: أَلَا تَقُولُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ؟ قَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ: إِنَّمَا نَدْعُوهُ بِاسْمِهِ الَّذِي سَمَّاهُ بِهِ أَهْلُهُ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: إِنَّمَا اسْمِي الَّذِي سَمَّانِي بِهِ أَهْلِي مُحَمَّدٌ. قَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ: جِئْتُ أَسْأَلُكَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: " أَيَنْفَعُكَ شَيْءٌ إِنْ حَدَّثْتُكَ ؟ " قَالَ: أَسْمَعُ بِأُذُنَيَّ. فَنَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِعُودٍ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ: " سَلْ ". فَقَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ: أَيْنَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ يَوْمَ تُبَدَّلُ الْأَرْضُ غَيْرَ الْأَرْضِ وَالسَّمَاوَاتُ ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: " هُمْ فِي الظُّلْمَةِ دُونَ الْجِسْرِ ". قَالَ: فَمَنْ أَوَّلُ النَّاسِ إِجَازَةً ؟ قَالَ: " فُقَرَاءُ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ ". قَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ: فَمَا تُحْفَتُهُمْ حِينَ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ ؟ قَالَ: " زِيَادَةُ كَبِدِ النُّونِ ". قَالَ: فَمَا غِذَاؤُهُمْ عَلَى إِثْرِهَا ؟ قَالَ: " يُنْحَرُ لَهُمْ ثَوْرُ الْجَنَّةِ الَّذِي كَانَ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ أَطْرَافِهَا ". قَالَ: فَمَا شَرَابُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ ؟ قَالَ: " مِنْ عَيْنٍ فِيهَا تُسَمَّى سَلْسَبِيلًا ". فَقَالَ: صَدَقْتَ. قَالَ: وَجِئْتُ أَسْأَلُكَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ لَا يَعْلَمُهُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا نَبِيٌّ أَوْ رَجُلٌ أَوْ رَجُلَانِ. قَالَ: " أَيَنْفَعُكَ إِنْ حَدَّثْتُكَ ". قَالَ: أَسْمَعُ بِأُذُنَيَّ. قَالَ: جِئْتُ أَسْأَلُكَ عَنِ الْوَلَدِ. فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: " مَاءُ الرَّجُلِ أَبْيَضُ، وَمَاءُ الْمَرْأَةِ أَصْفَرُ، فَإِذَا عَلَا مَنِيُّ الرَّجُلِ مَنِيَّ الْمَرْأَةِ أَذْكَرَا بِإِذْنِ اللهِ تَعَالَى، وَإِذَا عَلَا مَنِيُّ الْمَرْأَةِ مَنِيَّ الرَّجُلِ آنَثَا بِإِذْنِ اللهِ ". فَقَالَ: صَدَقْتَ، وَإِنَّكَ لَنَبِيٌّ. ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: " لَقَدْ سَأَلَنِي هَذَا عَنِ الَّذِي سَأَلَنِي عَنْهُ وَمَا لِي بِشَيْءٍ مِنْهُ عِلْمٌ حَتَّى أَتَانِي اللهُ بِهِ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū al-Ḥasan Muḥammad b. al-Ḥusayn b. al-Faḍl al-Qaṭṭān Bibaghdād
- Abū Sahl b. Ziyād al-Qaṭṭān
- Abū Yaḥyá ʿAbd al-Karīm b. al-Haytham al-Dayraʿāqūlī
- Abū Tawbah al-Rabīʿ b. Nāfiʿ
- Muʿāwiyah b. Sallām
- Zayd b. Sallām
- Abū Sallām
- Abū Asmāʾ al-Raḥabī
- Thawbān a freed slave of Rasūl Allāh ﷺ
Machine translation, not reviewed
I was standing with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when a rabbi from the rabbis of the Jews came and said: "Peace be upon you, O Muhammad." He said: So I pushed him a push from which he almost fell down. The Jew said: "Why did you push me?" I said: "Will you not say 'O Messenger of Allah'?" The Jew said: "We only call him by the name by which his family named him." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "My name, by which my family named me, is Muhammad." The Jew said: "I have come to ask you about something." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Will anything benefit you if I tell you?" He said: "I will listen with my ears." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ drew lines on the ground with a stick he had with him, then said: "Ask." The Jew said: "Where will the people be on the day when the earth is replaced by other than the earth, and the heavens?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "They will be in the darkness, before the bridge." He said: "Who are the first of the people to cross?" He said: "The poor among the Emigrants." The Jew said: "What will be their gift when they enter Paradise?" He said: "The extra lobe of the liver of the fish." He said: "What will be their food after it?" He said: "The ox of Paradise, which used to eat from its edges, will be slaughtered for them." He said: "What will be their drink after that?" He said: "From a spring in it called Salsabīl." He said: "You have spoken the truth." He said: "I have also come to ask you about something that none of the people of the earth knows except a prophet, or a man or two men." He said: "Will it benefit you if I tell you?" He said: "I will listen with my ears." He said: "I have come to ask you about the child." The Prophet ﷺ said: "The man's fluid is white and the woman's fluid is yellow. When the man's fluid overcomes the woman's fluid, they bear a male by the permission of Allah, the Exalted. And when the woman's fluid overcomes the man's fluid, they bear a female by the permission of Allah." He said: "You have spoken the truth, and you are indeed a prophet." Then he left. The Prophet ﷺ said: "He asked me about that which he asked me, and I had no knowledge of any of it until Allah brought it to me.
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Other narrations of this report
Narrators
- Companion (ṣaḥābī)d. 54 AH, also said: 44 AH, also said 45 AHثَوْبَانُ بْنُ بُجْدُدَ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِصحابيأن
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. during the caliphate of ʿAbd al-Malikأَبُو أَسْمَاءَ الرَّحَبِيُّثقةحدثني
- trustworthy (thiqah), he narrates mursal reports (yursil)d. between 101 and 110 AHأَبَا سَلَّامٍثقة يرسلسمع
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. between 121 AH and 130 AHزَيْدِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍثقةعن
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. around 170 AH or after itمُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ سَلَّامٍثقةحدثنا
- trustworthy (thiqah), proof (ḥujjah), devout worshipperd. 241 AH, also said: after 220 AHأَبُو تَوْبَةَ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ نَافِعٍثقة ، حجة ، عابدنا
- d. 278 AHأَبُو يَحْيَى : عَبْدُ الْكَرِيمِ بْنُ الْهَيْثَمِ الدَّيْرَعَاقُولِيُّحدثنا
- d. 350 AHأَبُو سَهْلِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الْقَطَّانُحدثنا
- d. 415 AHأَبُو الْحَسَنِ : مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُأخبرنا
- d. 458 AHالبيهقي
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.