al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 15408
✧ The sunna of li'an, denial of the child and its attribution to the mother, and other matters
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أَخْبَرَنَا ) أَبُو بَكْرٍ: أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي وَأَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْمُزَكِّي وَغَيْرُهُمَا قَالُوا، نَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أَنَا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أَنَا الشَّافِعِيُّ، أَنَا مَالِكٌ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ شِهَابٍ أَنَّ سَهْلَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ السَّاعِدِيَّ أَخْبَرَهُ
أَنَّ عُوَيْمِرَ الْعَجْلَانِيَّ جَاءَ إِلَى عَاصِمِ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ فَقَالَ لَهُ: أَرَأَيْتَ يَا عَاصِمُ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا وَجَدَ مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلًا أَيَقْتُلُهُ فَتَقْتُلُونَهُ أَمْ كَيْفَ يَفْعَلُ ؟ سَلْ لِي يَا عَاصِمُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ ذَلِكَ ( فَسَأَلَ عَاصِمٌ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ ذَلِكَ ) فَكَرِهَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَسَائِلَ وَعَابَهَا حَتَّى كَبُرَ عَلَى عَاصِمٍ مَا سَمِعَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ عَاصِمٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ جَاءَهُ عُوَيْمِرٌ فَقَالَ: يَا عَاصِمُ، مَاذَا قَالَ لَكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ؟ فَقَالَ عَاصِمٌ لِعُوَيْمِرٍ: لَمْ تَأْتِ بِخَيْرٍ قَدْ كَرِهَ رَسُولُ اللهِ الْمَسْأَلَةَ الَّتِي سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْهَا، فَقَالَ عُوَيْمِرٌ: وَاللهِ لَا أَنْتَهِي حَتَّى أَسْأَلَهُ عَنْهَا فَأَقْبَلَ عُوَيْمِرٌ حَتَّى أَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَسَطَ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَرَأَيْتَ رَجُلًا وَجَدَ مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلًا أَيَقْتُلُهُ فَتَقْتُلُونَهُ أَمْ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: قَدْ أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فِيكَ وَفِي صَاحِبَتِكَ فَاذْهَبْ فَائْتِ بِهَا، فَقَالَ سَهْلُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ: فَتَلَاعَنَا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَنَا مَعَ النَّاسِ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَا قَالَ عُوَيْمِرٌ: كَذَبْتُ عَلَيْهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنْ أَمْسَكْتُهَا فَطَلَّقَهَا ثَلَاثًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْمُرَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ. قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ: فَكَانَتْ تِلْكَ سُنَّةَ الْمُتَلَاعِنَيْنِ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. al-Ḥasan al-Qāḍī and ʾAbū Zakariyyā b. Abū Isḥāq al-Muzakkī Waghayruhumā
- Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb
- al-Rabīʿ b. Sulaymān
- al-Shāfiʿī
- Mālik
- Ibn Shihāb
- Sahl b. Saʿd al-Sāʿidī
Machine translation, not reviewed
ʿUwaymir al-ʿAjlānī came to ʿĀṣim b. ʿAdī al-Anṣārī and said to him: "Tell me, ʿĀṣim, if a man finds another man with his wife, should he kill him, and then you would kill him? Or what should he do? Ask the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about this for me, ʿĀṣim." (So ʿĀṣim asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about that.) The Messenger of Allah ﷺ disliked such questions and condemned them, until what ʿĀṣim heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ weighed heavily on him. When ʿĀṣim returned to his family, ʿUwaymir came to him and said: "ʿĀṣim, what did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say to you?" ʿĀṣim said to ʿUwaymir: "You have not brought me any good. The Messenger of Allah disliked the question I asked him about." ʿUwaymir said: "By Allah, I will not stop until I ask him about it." So ʿUwaymir went until he came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the midst of the people and said: "Messenger of Allah, tell me, if a man finds another man with his wife, should he kill him, and then you would kill him? Or what should he do?" The Prophet ﷺ said: "Allah has revealed a ruling concerning you and your wife. Go and bring her." Sahl b. Saʿd said: "So they performed the mutual imprecation (liʿān) in the presence of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and I was with the people. When they had finished, ʿUwaymir said: 'I would have lied about her, Messenger of Allah, if I kept her.' So he divorced her three times before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered him to." Ibn Shihāb said: "That became the established practice (sunnah) for those who perform liʿān."
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- Mizzī
المحفوظ في ذلك حديث سهل بن سعد عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم لا سهل عن عاصم بن عدي
machine translationWhat is preserved (maḥfūẓ) on this matter is the hadith of Sahl b. Saʿd from the Prophet ﷺ, not Sahl from ʿĀṣim b. ʿAdī.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 15408
Other narrations of this report
Narrators
- He and his father were Companions (ṣuḥbah).d. Abū Nuʿaym and more than one said: 88 AH. Al-Wāqidī and others said: 91 AH. Abū Ḥātim al-Rāzī said: he lived a hundred years or more, so on this basis he would have lived until the year 96 AH or after itسَهْلُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ السَّاعِدِيُّله ولأبيه صحبةأخبره
- The jurist and memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), whose eminence, precision and reliability are agreed upond. Ḍamrah b. Rabīʿah and others said: 123 AH. The nephew of al-Zuhrī and others said: 124 AH. Ibn Yūnus and others said: 125 AHابْنُ شِهَابٍالفقيه الحافظ ، متفق على جلالته وإتقانه وثبتهحدثني
- The jurist (al-faqīh), the Imam of the Abode of Migration (Imām Dār al-Hijrah), the head of the proficient masters, and the foremost among the meticulous.d. 178 AH, or 179 AHمَالِكٌالفقيه ، إمام دار الهجرة ، رأس المتقنين ، وكبير المتثبتينأنا
- The reviver (mujaddid) of the matter of the religion at the head of the two hundredth yeard. 204 AHالشَّافِعِيُّالمجدد أمر الدين على رأس المائتينأنا
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 270 AHالرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَثقةأنا
- d. 346 AHأَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ : مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَنا
- d. 414 AHوَأَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْمُزَكِّيأخبرنا
- d. 458 AHالبيهقي
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.